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About Fracking Time for an Investigation
Independent MLAs call on premier to probe dangers of hydraulic fracturing in gas fields.
Public concern is rising over water-intensive procedure.
As British Columbia Premier Christy Clark makes her debut in the provincial legislature this week, the media spotlight will likely be on the predictable verbal sparring between her and Adrian Dix, the NDP's recently minted leader, over the Harmonized Sales Tax.
Meaning that Independent MLAs Bob Simpson and Vicki Huntington will have their work cut out for them trying to maintain media focus and public attention on their welcome non-partisan call for the appointment of a special legislative committee to thoroughly investigate unconventional natural gas developments in the province.
It's a call that 21 organizations and prominent British Columbians -- including First Nations, leading environmental organizations, local citizens groups in the natural gas-rich northeast corner of the province, and individual town councilors -- all support, and one that we at the B.C. Office of the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives have also endorsed.
For years, the policies of provincial NDP and Liberal administrations alike have been squarely focused on increased exploitation of B.C.'s natural gas resources, which are primarily situated in the Peace River and Northern Rockies regions of the province -- an extensive but remote part of B.C. that is larger than the state of Nebraska. This fact may help to explain why it has fallen to Simpson and Huntington to propose that the time has arrived for a sober assessment of the industry's activities and the role that provincial policies play in shaping them.
It was under the NDP that the one-stop-shop for regulatory energy industry approvals -- the Oil and Gas Commission -- was created in an effort to eliminate the alleged red tape of multiple agencies reviewing applications by natural gas companies to drill gas wells, build roads and situate pipelines. Dan Miller, under whose tenure as energy and mines minister the OGC was created, would go on to do lobbying work for mining and energy company clients, including Enbridge Inc., the company hoping to build an oil pipeline from Edmonton to Kitimat.
Half of BC's natural gas is fracked
It was largely under the Liberals, but also under the NDP, that various breaks on energy industry royalty payments and other credits were offered as inducements to industry expansion.
With billions of dollars having flowed into provincial coffers over the past decade -- much of it in the form of one-time sales of subsurface rights or royalty payments -- and billions more potentially at play, neither Liberal nor NDP MLAs have been particularly vocal about questioning a) whether or not the public should subsidize industry activities; or b) what the cumulative effects of rapidly accelerating industry developments mean for B.C. meeting its greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets or the environment more generally.
This reluctance takes on added significance in light of the rapidly accelerating use of hydraulic fracturing or "fracking" operations to boost natural gas production -- operations that only a few short years ago Liberal and NDP MLAs alike could have been excused for not knowing a thing about. Now fracking is assisting in the production of nearly half of all the natural gas produced in the province, led by companies such as EnCana Corporation, whose former president and CEO Gwyn Morgan went on to become a special advisor to Christy Clark. It is the rapidly emerging usage of this "stimulation" method -- which involves pumping copious amounts of water under extremely high pressure deep underground to crack or fracture "unconventional" formations such as tightly bound shale rock, thereby releasing their gas -- that lies at the heart of Simpson's and Huntington's initiative.
Slurping water
The rapid deployment of hydraulic fracturing at gas pads where numerous wells are located close together -- and where each well is drilled deep into the earth and then drilled out horizontally for two kilometres or more -- is a relatively new phenomenon dating back about a decade and with its origins in the state of Texas. As I wrote last year in a report released by the Program on Water Issues at the Munk School of Global Affairs, natural gas companies in northeast B.C. -- including EnCana, Apache Canada and Talisman Energy -- all increasingly employ fracking technology to boost gas production, in some cases setting industry records for water usage in the process with hundreds of Olympic swimming pools worth of water pressure-pumped underground at some sites.
The Oil and Gas Commission has approved hundreds of temporary water use permits allowing energy companies to divert hundreds of millions of gallons of water from streams, rivers and lakes in the Peace and Northern Rockies regions. Massive water diversion proposals involving longer-term water tenures known as water licences have also been submitted by energy companies to water stewardship officials with the new Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. Some of those proposals include diversions out of Williston Reservoir and have resulted in behind-door negotiations between gas companies and BC Hydro over what price the companies should pay for water from the province's largest reservoir, which is the source of much of B.C.'s hydroelectric power.
To date, both the Oil and Gas Commission and the Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations have failed to consult in any kind of meaningful way with members of the public generally or First Nations specifically about the hundreds of short-term water use permits granted to natural gas companies or the dozens of long-term water licences sought by the industry.
"Public policies are driving the rapid expansion of B.C.'s unconventional gas sector, particularly in shale formations in the Peace Region," Huntington, Independent MLA for Delta South, said in endorsing the call for the appointment of the special legislative committee to review the development of the province's unconventional gas reserves. "It is incumbent on the government to ensure it fully understands the cumulative impacts associated with developing this resource."
Rising public concerns
Both Huntington and Simpson expressed concerns that with prices for natural gas currently low that the provincial government may offer even more inducements to the gas industry in order to artificially prop up developments.
This year alone, the province expects to hand $172 million to the gas sector in royalty rebates and infrastructure credits. In return, it expects to collect the equivalent of about $1 million per day -- or $365 million -- this year in net royalty payments from the industry. It's not clear how much of the subsidies or the royalties will be attributed to natural gas produced from wells that were hydraulically fractured, although about one half of the gas currently produced involves use of the controversial stimulation technique that has been linked to methane contamination of household tap water, dangerous and potentially lethal leaks of gas laced with hydrogen sulphide and known as sour gas, and badly polluted waterways.
"The rapid expansion of this industry, and the potential for it to continue to expand with the aid of incremental government assistance, has led to serious public policy questions being raised by more and more individuals and organizations," Simpson, Independent MLA for Cariboo North, said.
Huntington and Simpson cite a range of public concerns as influencing their decision to call for the appointment of a special committee of the Legislature including:
Economists asking if we are developing gas resources at the wrong time in the market cycle;
Peace River residents in the Northern Health Authority calling for a public inquiry into the health and safety implications of oil and gas development;
The amount of fresh water used in hydraulic fracturing operations and the disposal of the large amounts of toxic wastewater subsequently produced;
The significant additional carbon emissions associated with the industry;
And failure to address First Nations rights and title issues.
Other governments have stopped fracking
Other jurisdictions, such as Quebec and New York State, have taken a more precautionary approach to unconventional gas developments (both effectively have moratoriums in place pending further study).
In years past the B.C. government has appointed special committees of the Legislature to address high-profile issues. Notably in 2005, the government appointed committees to examine both the province's aquaculture industry and prospects for electoral reform. Such committees are bi-partisan in make-up, have powers to call witnesses, can request or commission reports, and can travel to different regions of the province to hold meetings and assess public opinion. Their proceedings are also recorded and become part of the public record.
With a growing number of people -- particularly those residents living in the heart of the province's gas-development zone -- saying its time to take a sober look at what escalated unconventional gas developments may mean for public health and safety, the environment and economy alike, appointing such a committee makes eminent sense. ![]()




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doggone
51 weeks ago
Don't you love these "One Time Payments"
"With billions of dollars having flowed into provincial coffers over the past decade -- much of it in the form of one-time sales of subsurface rights or royalty payments -- and billions more potentially at play"
"Madame, we have established your profession.
Now we are negotiating the price."
Every time I get "Boinked"
I want some
CASH!
The province gets paid once and gets boinked forever--------
Who are these "business" negotiators we pay all the money to?
Fiat lux
51 weeks ago
"Wealth can not be created,
"Wealth can not be created, only taken" .....and this is one of the best examples.
NAFTA and the WTO have destroyed the Canadian economy and now the country has to sell the ground from under people's feet and engage in criminal activities to survive, now called "globalization" and "trade".
What we need are more Chinese millionaries bringing back more Canadian money to buy up the country with "wealth creating foreign investment"
I'm sure the "conservative" governments and economists are jumping for joy, as they always have for all criminal activities, as long as they feedsthe insatiable profit demands of a few.
Ed Deak.
coop
51 weeks ago
what about the frackin power needs?
I believe I read somewhere (perhaps on the Tyee), that the reason B.C. needs more hydro is to power more fracking. So if Site C is primarily for these gas wells, then thisw would be the biggest subsidy of all times. More info about this would be good to get out to the public. Thanks Ben for your work on this topic.
pwlg
51 weeks ago
ditto
YES, about fracking time!
Great article and about fracking time we get to learn more about our own province's dirty little secrets.
Parfitt writes correctly that both the two major political parties in BC while in government feasted on the dollars provided by these carbon artifacts.
We know the socred/liberal coalition has used these revenues, the future sales and lease revenues from oil and gas, to bolster the treasury prior to elections.
What should have been a "heritage" trust fund, since these revenues come from future extractions and should be accessible for future generations, became a slush fund to curry favour with the electorate and to pay for the cost overruns for the 2010 IOC grand party in our backyard.
Why the rush to extract our resources?
From Saskatchewan's uranium and potash to Alberta's and BC's oil and gas plans have accelerated for rapid extraction. In Sask they estimate at current operations and the 11 billion dollar upgrades and new potash mine initiatives that potash will be gone in 50 years. Then what? Potash is an essential fertilizer for food crops.
Just who is reaping the benefits? Total wealth of the top 100 in Canada now sits at $185 billion, an increase of 74% since 1999. GDP in the same period rose only 40%.
Even more telling are the stats that show median earnings of full time workers rose by only $53 from 1980 to 2005 (in 2005 dollars from $41,348 to $41,401). This despite a 37% gain in overall labour productivity for the same period.
Exorbitant executive bonuses and corporate subsidies continue and governments seem more than willing to accommodate while asking us for more fees, levies and taxes.
Wish we had more independent MLA's!
Mooney
51 weeks ago
Dan Miller
Company man in NDP clothing.
pwlg
51 weeks ago
electrical energy needs
I doubt whether fracking or any other drilling methods would require the amount of energy produced by the proposed Site C.
Nikiforuk and others have stated electrical energy initiatives in BC and Alberta, as well as electrical transmission infrastructure initiatives are all about creating a continental grid so Alberta and BC can export more electrical energy.
Ft. McKenzie tar sands development gas fired cogeneration electrical plants are producing not only sufficient energy for their operations but also enough surplus energy to sell it into the continental transmission grid.
Camero409
51 weeks ago
Site c
I believe is being built to supply power to the Tar Sands in Alberta and also to send to California. We overpay for the Run of River scams.
blackie
51 weeks ago
a tad misleading
"With billions of dollars having flowed into provincial coffers over the past decade -- much of it in the form of one-time sales of subsurface rights or royalty payments -- and billions more potentially at play"
Bonus payments and drilling permits are indeed one-time items, although continued industry activity means there will always be some level of revenue. But royalties come from gas production, and are tied to price and volume. If industry critics are successful in shutting down production -- than I guess it does become one-time. Otherwise, it continues to pump money into Victoria year after year.
And yes, the last couple of years (and probably the next couple) have seen very low prices and uninspiring royalties. But the years before that were spectacular. People who believe the price will never go up are just as myopic as those who believe it will never go down.
OwlRol
51 weeks ago
Transparency
"If industry critics are successful in shutting down production -- than I guess it does become one-time. Otherwise, it continues to pump money into Victoria year after year." Blackie.
I don't think industry critics want to "shut down" production, but they would like it to be scaled back from the corporate black gold & gas rush to develop as much as quickly as possible, until its nastier side effects are better understood, the vulnerable areas are better protected through good regulation and hopefully techniques to use less water and far fewer (still secretive and dangerous) chemicals are implemented.
Its those non transparent negotiations, including "diversions out of Williston Reservoir" that "have resulted in behind-door negotiations between gas companies and BC Hydro over what PRICE DEALS", (but not the health and environmental effects), leaving out local inputs, including First Nations, in such negotiations, that any frame for truly responsible development of this resource is seriously hindered.
Encana and such know that once the infrastructure is in place and production is flowing, there will likely be no turning back, no matter what accidents or detrimental effects may occur from these developments.
Skywalker, thanks for the input. I reviewed the comments I made elsewhere about the old BC Hydro crown corporation and the HST being a relatively small issue (compared to this one and the Tar Sands, or the Harpo moves to stifle dissent), but I couldn't find anywhere that might have had you think I would support the HST. Not a chance.
OwlRol
51 weeks ago
Wording confused
Sorry Skywlker, I will mark the ballot to get rid of the HST, but I just noticed that saying No to the HST is a Yes on the ballot to extinguish it. My misread.
The True Cost
51 weeks ago
Did you see this new video
Did you see this new video of Gasland director admitting he didn't show the full story - http://youtu.be/e9CfUm0QeOk
peetey
51 weeks ago
Holes in Lancashire
A report in today's Guardian says a fracking operation near Blackpool had to suspend operations for what experts said was causing a 1.5 earthquake, the second of its kind in Lancashire.
Cool Hand
51 weeks ago
Mucho Factoids Omitted - Part 1
Yeah, but there is a reason behind those tax credits:
1. Summer Drilling;
2. Marginal Wells;
3. Deep Drilling;
Otherwise a portion of the annual $7 billion invested in the ng industry would never have taken place.
Up to 2006, those cumulative ~$250 million in tax credits generated an additional $900 million in natural gas royalties for the province. Not a bad return in my books.
The same reasoning behind the production service tax credits et al in the BC film industry.
Funny. I never hear about the utilization of deep, sub-surface, non-potable aquifers containing saline, sour (containing hydrogen sulfide) water. The Debolt water treatment plant turns this sour water into potable water for use in fraccing.
In fact, it fulfills a minimum of 80% of the water needed by Encana and Apache for hydraulic fraccing operations in the Two Island Lake area of the Horn River basin.
http://www.encana.com/responsibility/environment/water/snapshot/debolt-plant.htm
Again, Ridgeline Energy Services Inc., for example, provides on-site services for the treatment, reuse, and recycling of produced and flowback waste water in natural gas well fraccing.
Cool Hand
51 weeks ago
Mucho Factoids Omitted - Part Deux
The Horn River and Montney basins are still in their infancy in terms of development/infrastructure and it will take years before major production volumes flow to market.
Again, these factoids to consider:
1. While, ng is currently priced at between $3 - $4 per MMBtu in the North American market, the price of ng is "tied to oil" in the Asian market, where much of the NE BC production volumes will likely be destined;
2. Nexen's president has called these NE BC ng plays as lucrative "oil plays".
3. Much of the NE BC basins are very rich in natural gas liquids (a by-product), which is priced at a barrel of oil;
4. Apache/EOG Resources/Encana have a multi- billion dollar pipeline/Kitimat lng plant currently in the front-end engineering phase;
5. Shell also is in the planning stage for another west coast lng plant;
6. Secondary utilization of the ng feedstock by SASOL for a 100,000 barrel/day ng conversion plant to diesel and potentially Methanex's moth-balled Kitimat methanol plant;
A very capital intensive industry, which could see $100 billion+ invested in BC over the next decade. Big, big bucks.
I sense a certain conspiracy theory tone in this article. That said, I would have no problem focusing upon the surface water/wastewater issue as long as it is undertaken by parties that have common sense, are logical, and reasonable. Otherwise it would likely be a waste of time.
As an aside, the Canadian Energy Research Institute predicts that as this decade progresses, BC will surpass AB's ng production and BC's provincial treasury will reap the financial rewards thereto.
In that same vein, AB's royalties from the oil sands (which will require a good chunk of NE BC's ng feedstock as time progresses) will increase from ~$2.7 billion in 2010 to a phenomenal ~$67.5 billion/ year into provincial government coffers by 2044 according to CERI. Big, big bucks.
http://www.edmontonjournal.com/opinion/Oilsands+poised+flood+Alberta+coffers+2044/4862602/story.html
Go Canucks Go!!! Woot woot!
cfvua
51 weeks ago
Coolest of Handy Factoid check
No reason necessary to subsidize drilling as most of the "investment" flows out of province. No or few BC workers on rigs. Imperial Oil even bringing in excavator and dozer operators and roadbuilders from Alberta.
First aid services from Alberta, etc., Why not pay car dealers to sell cars instead of gas producers to produce gas?? Again certain companies catch liberal favours.
Your books are cooked if you think that the subsidy level is as low as you say. Figure over a $Billion since the liberals got so generous with publice funds. As there is a finite quantity of gas in the ground the royalties are not additional they are "one time" only.
The BC film industry actually is in place as it employs huge numbers of BC residents, not Albertans.
Now we will grant you the saline aquifer water being used in the north where it is available. Most of the Montney is being done with a mix of pond water, river or creek water and treated city water from municipal water sources. One little outfit treating water won't cover the 1000 cubic metre water 1000 tonne sand plus "secret sauce" requirement of each stage of a large fracturing project.
Is it just me or does it seem slightly warped to burn a bunch of relatively clean natural gas to make stinky diesel to burn in trucks that could easily burn the gas more efficiently?? Why not subsidize(if the liberals are stuck on subsidies)clean burning fuels through usage rather than attempting to create a glut with no market. If LNG is so good for Asia, why not BC Residents? MIght even help deal with excessive refined fuel prices or aren't we being gouged? Maybe explains the non effort to make LNG available to consumers for motor fuel.
Again remember it is money not all invested in BC. An Alberta crew installing Alberta built production equipment hauled inby Albertans using machinery purchased in Alberta and hauling in fuel purchased in Alberta is not investment in BC.
The water issue will be what puts residents against fracturing, even the few of us that earn a living in the business with our little crumb picker service companies.
CERI will put out whatever their funders want them to and when they do put out good information like the study done on jobs lost from BC, it never sees the light of day. Conflicts with liberal message of nothing but prosperity.
Your facts are correct on the Canucks!!!
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51 weeks ago
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