Nation's lobbying laws among the weakest, energy industry gets top access.
Polaris Institute report calls for public inquiry into how oil money is distorting Canada's democracy. Image via Shutterstock.

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Oil and pipeline companies, including seven of the world's largest corporations, have intensified their lobbying efforts in Ottawa over the last four years and held 2,733 meetings with public officials.
These lobbying efforts directed by 27 energy companies and eight industry associations appear to have resulted in dramatic public policy changes such as the gutting of specific environmental legislation.
According to a new report by the Polaris Institute, the nation's two largest pipeline companies Enbridge and TransCanada plus four other oil firms met with cabinet ministers 52 times between 2011 and 2012.
The meetings took place while the Harper government designed its omnibus budget (Bill C-38) which ultimately changed or weakened 70 pieces of legislation including most the nation's Fisheries Act (Enbridge found the act "onerous") as well as the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act.
All changes made it easier for foreign and domestic firms to build pipelines and mines by removing key environmental safeguards for water, air, land, fish and endangered species.
In contrast just one federal minister, Joe Oliver, met only once with a major environmental group (Greenpeace) during that same period.
Petro producers most welcome
Since 2008, Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers, the lobby group funding omnipresent oil sands propaganda, and the Canadian Energy Pipelines Association (CEPA), the designer of new pro-pipeline campaign, "met with public office holders 367 per cent more times than the two major Canadian automotive industry associations and 78 per cent more times than both major mining industry associations."
The financial clout of just seven of the major oil firms lobbying Ottawa including Shell, ExxonMobil and China's offshore oil company, CNOOC, amounts to a sum greater than the GDP of Russia, says the report.
Some of the lobbyists for Big Oil are former government employees. Brenda Kenny served 10 years with the National Energy Board before becoming a pipeline lobbyist at CEPA and Paul Cheliak worked as an economist for the Natural Resources Canada before lobbying for the oil and gas industry. Others such as Yaroslav Baran served as energy lobbyists and then worked for the Conservative Party only to return back to their former lobbying jobs.
Bruce Carson, Stephen Harper's top policy analyst from 2004 and 2006 and a convicted thief, left Ottawa to head up the Canada School of Energy and Environment where, with a federal grant that Carson approved, the former public servant co-ordinated industry efforts to promote tar sands development.
Carson faces unrelated charges of influence peddling over an Ottawa-based water purification company.
Ken Boessenkool, a former policy adviser to Stephen Harper and lobbyist for Suncor and Enbridge, recently mysteriously resigned as chief of staff for B.C. Premier Christy Clark after public behaviour he described as inappropriate.
Just the tip
The intensity of the lobbying reported by the Polaris Institute is only the tip of a political iceberg. Canada's Lobbyist Act is among the weakest and least transparent of any industrial nation. It does not even require companies to disclose their financial spending on lobbying. (In the U.S. Big Oil spends $150-million a year on bending government's ear.) Nor does Canada's ineffectual act require the registry of any industry lobbying with government officials below the level of assistant deputy minister. Former public officials who do volunteer work as lobbyists also don't have to register their activities.
Big Oil companies that have lobbied Ottawa the hardest between 2008 and 2012 include the nation's largest bitumen and pipeline players: TransCanada Corporation (the backer of the controversial Keystone Pipeline) 279 communications; Imperial Oil (an arm of Exxon Mobil, a large tar sands player, and the company that once employed Stephen Harper's father) 205 communications; Suncor Energy (one of the largest tar sand developers) 196 communications; Enbridge (the promoter of Northern Gateway Project) 143 communications, and Shell Canada (another major oil sands player) 118 communications.
CNOOC, a Chinese state-owned corporation with one of the lowest transparency rankings in the global oil patch, ranks 13th on the list of most active oil lobbyists with 34 communications with the Harper government to date. It wants to buy a Canadian oil giant, Nexen, for three times its current market value.
The report concludes with a call for "full independent public inquiry in order to investigate how Canada may be on the road to becoming a petro-state due to the ability of the petroleum industry to exert influence on the Canadian government policy making through their lobby operations."
The Polaris Institute is an Ottawa-based non-government agency concerned about the increasing influence of corporations on public and community life. ![[Tyee]](http://thetyee.cachefly.net/ui/img/ico_fishie.png)
Andrew Nikiforuk, a Tyee regular contributor and award-winning business journalist, is the author of Energy of Slaves: Oil and the New Servitude. Find his articles previously published on The Tyee here.
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Fiat lux
24 weeks ago
Of course, all these
Of course, all these lobbyists, their expenses, transport, hotels, fancy dinners, vehicles, are all tax deductible business expenses, paid for by the sucker public, and future generations, getting screwed by the damage they cause.
Ed Deak.
Van Isle
24 weeks ago
While they're at it , they
While they're at it , they should do a report on the whole lobby industry. One aspect should be how much money companies, unions, any and all organizations who give to political parties/politicians.
Birch
24 weeks ago
Dilemma
Lobbying has an unsavory aspect to its character, in that it seems to allow money to disproportionately affect public policy. Thus those citizens who do not have money often get ignored by government.
On the flip side, if citizens require government action on some issue that is being ignored, how do they encourage such action without some organized form of contact with the requisite government officials? That contact is, essentially, lobbying.
Thus I might like my lobbying but dislike yours, for example, in that we may request antithetical actions on one issue. "Make it easy for me to build that pipeline," asks an energy company. "Stop them from building that pipeline," asks an environmental organization.
Government is in the unenviable position of having to moderate in some sensible and publicly defensible way between these positions.
What becomes ugly is the situation in which a particular government allies itself unequivocally with one party or the other. Ugly, as well, is the situation in which government is co-opted by secret agreements, bribery, and other forms of corruption.
I believe that lobbying needs to be permitted, but that no public servant should ever be allowed to become a lobbyist (or vice versa). Further, all lobbyists should be registered, and the contents of all lobbying meetings should be recorded and made public in a timely fashion.
Naturally, such regulation would force lobbying to be much more transparent and probably less effective, but it would allow necessary messaging to proceed, as well as enable concerned citizens to judge the comparative value of lobbyists' requests.
Birch
24 weeks ago
Dilemma
Lobbying has an unsavory aspect to its character, in that it seems to allow money to disproportionately affect public policy. Thus those citizens who do not have money often get ignored by government.
On the flip side, if citizens require government action on some issue that is being ignored, how do they encourage such action without some organized form of contact with the requisite government officials? That contact is, essentially, lobbying.
Thus I might like my lobbying but dislike yours, for example, in that we may request antithetical actions on one issue. "Make it easy for me to build that pipeline," asks an energy company. "Stop them from building that pipeline," asks an environmental organization.
Government is in the unenviable position of having to moderate in some sensible and publicly defensible way between these positions.
What becomes ugly is the situation in which a particular government allies itself unequivocally with one party or the other. Ugly, as well, is the situation in which government is co-opted by secret agreements, bribery, and other forms of corruption.
I believe that lobbying needs to be permitted, but that no public servant should ever be allowed to become a lobbyist (or vice versa). Further, all lobbyists should be registered, and the contents of all lobbying meetings should be recorded and made public in a timely fashion.
Naturally, such regulation would force lobbying to be much more transparent and probably less effective, but it would allow necessary messaging to proceed, as well as enable concerned citizens to judge the comparative value of lobbyists' requests.
Buwisit
24 weeks ago
When you think about it,
there isn't much difference between lobbyists and pimps. And they both provide about the same bebefit to society.
Fritz
24 weeks ago
"Never ever believe a
"Never ever believe a politician, nor expect the mainstream media to hold one to account."
-ex politician Rafe Mair
“We can have democracy in this country, or we can have great wealth concentrated in the hands of a few, but we can’t have both.”
-Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis
"Man will never be free until the last king is strangled with the entrails of the last priest."
-Denis Diderot
Skywalker
24 weeks ago
Harper a pimp?
These resource pimps are bad enough; that we allow pimping of our resources by foreign interests is worse.
If you are going to pimp or allow yourself to be pimped, at least keep the money at home.
EarlRichrds
24 weeks ago
Global Oil Scam
Google the "2.5 Trillion Oil Scam - slideshare" and google the "Global Oil Scam." Canada is a victim of this scam. Imperial Oil, Shell and Suncor are "silent partners" in ICE. Harper is Canada's George Bush. Plug your electric car into your household, solar power battery.
Fiat lux
24 weeks ago
Actually, it isn`t really
Actually, it isn`t really just an oil scam, which is only a part of the overall, global scam of imaginary monetary figures overriding physical realities and distorting measurements.
1m and 1 kg are the same anywhere on Earth, strictly protected by laws, but when imaginary monetary monetary figures are used for the same measurements, their sizes can be changed to anything the rulers can use for their own benefit. In other words, those imaginary figures become weapons of conquest.
Basically just another religious theory collectivizing the world, enslaving humanity and destroying the ecology.
Ed Deak.
Feverish
24 weeks ago
Disrupted in Victoria
Just returned from the KinderMorganTransMountain pipeline project 'info session' and there was a slight glitch; disapproval became tangeable as a group of people removed the KMTM posterganda from the display tripods and replaced them w/ their own hand-made posters and then sat atop the KMTM posters. The KMTM team was stunned, to understate the response and exited the room via the back door within minutes!
The symbolism was remarkable and though I was not involved in the action, being witness to it filled my heart with... relief. This was so much more satisfying than simply muting the TV or turning off the radio :-)
By way of a continuation of dialogue, a mic and speakers were set up by the dissenters and people were given the opportunity to speak their opinions. Unsurprisingly no-one spoke up in favour of the project while I was there.
It may sound like a questionable tactic (or unfair as I heard one person remark) but it certainly underlines the inequity of the resources of the pro/ anti-pipeline camps. And no doubt, it was seen as a direct hit against the KM propaganda from those that are passionate about shutting down the pipelines that are being touted as our salvation.
I am thankful that no-one torched those slick posters because I love that new arts wing addition at the Cedar Hill Rec centre. I think the burning of things may still yet happen though.
zalm
24 weeks ago
good line, Ed
"1m and 1 kg are the same anywhere on Earth, strictly protected by laws, but when imaginary monetary monetary figures are used for the same measurements, their sizes can be changed to anything the rulers can use for their own benefit. In other words, those imaginary figures become weapons of conquest."
Lord knows I don't praise you much, but this bears repeating on every blog and washroom walk from here to Westminster and beyond to Beijing.
Fiat lux
24 weeks ago
Thanks zalm.....you're
Thanks zalm.....you're welcome to go around and paste or post it anywhere.
For monetary economic purposes physical dimensions don't exist but are overruled by imaginary figures.
Note when our politicians and the monetary priesthood of economist quote figures, they`re never in physical dimensions, but in x number of bucks, that can be changed at will.
We shop twice a month and when we go tomorrow, prices will be higher than 2 weeks ago, which means that the sizes and dimensions of what we buy won`t be the same, but smaller in a controlled market, stealing people blind.
Now try to explain this to politicians and so called "economists".
Ed Deak.
frothquaffer
24 weeks ago
Harpy dances with Mammon
The Harpy Government has sold its soul to Mammon and flips the bird at Canada, Canadians and Mother Nature at the same time. They're running us over with their OmniBUSes.
Fiat lux
24 weeks ago
They're expecting the Rapture
They're expecting the Rapture at any day.
Like Reagan's first Secretary of the Interior, James Watt said :"When the last tree is cut, the Lord will return"
They're only trying to hasten the happy day when they're going to be yanked, naked, into the heavens.
Ed Deak.
ijij
24 weeks ago
If we define 'petro-state' as
If we define 'petro-state' as one in which oil and gas commodity prices largely determine its economic outlook, then Canada has been a petro-state for the last hundred years and will continue to be one for the foreseeable future. This is just part of the nature of being a huge, resource-rich territory with a tiny population. While reforming Canada's lobbying laws might be a noble goal in general, I think the amount of contact between oil industry and government is neither a cause for alarm nor an indicator of any sort of foul play in light of this simple truth.
Were the timeline of the Polaris study extended before 2008, I suspect you would see similar levels of contact between past governments and the oil and gas industry for most of the 20th century.
G West
24 weeks ago
Hardly 100 years ijij
Leduc #1 and #3 came in on May 21, 1947...Alberta, arguably, has been a 'petro province' since the 1980s but Canada can only be said to be a petro state since, at the earliest, the conclusion of the NAFTA deal with the US.
Some modern, industrialized states such as Norway (who have significant oil wealth)have chosen to segregate oil revenues in a special fund to finance government pensions and other long-term needs. Norway chose to direct carefully the development of oil and natural gas in its portion of the North Sea via a government-owned oil company.
It may come as a surprise to some that Alberta actually set up a similar scheme (a fund for oil revenues and a government-owned oil company when the oil sands were first being developed. It may also be a surprise that Norway used the Alberta scheme as a template for its own.
Unfortunately, subsequent Alberta governments stopped funding the "Heritage Fund" in 1987, since then (as Nikiforuk related in his book on the Tar Sands) Alberta has used it as a "slush fund" for various projects.
In fact, the Alberta Energy Company, set up to allow Albertans to prosper as the tar sands were exploited, was sold to EnCana Corporation by the provincial government in 1996.
Interesting to compare Norway with the UK - which, under Margaret Thatcher, squandered virtually all its North Sea oil riches and has less than nothing to show for it today.
ijij
24 weeks ago
@GWest
It can obviously be debated exactly when and to what degree Canada has become dependent on the oil and gas industry. What I want to emphasize that it seems backwards and misleading to say that Canada is a petro-state according to the definition I posted before because of the oil and gas lobby. Rather, it's a petro-state because of the size of its oil and gas reserves relative to that of its population, and the size the oil and gas lobby would seem to be an artifact of these circumstances. When the economic fortunes of a country rise and fall with one sector of the economy, there tends to be a lot of contact between the representatives of that sector and the government.
Of course, if we're using the term petro-state to compare Canada to Terri Lynn Karl's sketches of corrupt states with weak institutions in The Paradox of Plenty, that's another discussion entirely.
G West
24 weeks ago
Not sure what your point is
You're the one who stated Canada had been a petro state for 100 years - I simply pointed out THAT isn't true.
That it is a petro state now - and therefore the government is increasingly a target of petro chemical lobbyists seems rather obvious.
Nikiforuk is simply describing the symptoms and I pointed out, as he has done, that a petro state need not become the puppet of the oil and gas industry. However, such independence of thought and action doesn't, and won't, come from a government like the one we have in Ottawa.
Cheers
aDriftwood
24 weeks ago
Rapture Cmapture.
Truth is the Northern Gateway is inherently unsafe. One point four kilometers (as per gateway ads) does not make a safe passageway. Anyone who has battled the weather on that coast knows it, which is why skippers, pilots and ordinary fishermen have come out against the Northern Gateway to Hell.
What will happen if they go ahead, is there will be one monumental oil spill, and after that there will be nothing left to protect.
Of course they won't be responsible; that is what they hire lawyers for, but we here in BC will still have to add up the damages and pay them, because your can bet your ass nobody else will.
catchingupagain
24 weeks ago
Our country Pipelandistan: Capital transfer your future now!
Were Alberta to discover they have a bounty across their land of lovely lemon trees...
Would they, like Norway, use their new-found resource to make their nation, over a few decades, one of the wealthiest the globe?
No, the Albertan coy wait for hucksters in nice suits whose earnest pitch: Don't dirty your hands! Let others do that foul work for you!
And, do they look to the old World? Then stand proud to answer: Let us send old Europe our excess; the better to rescue it from the Russian energy leverage and the Arab compromise.
No, Albertans don't look to the rife insecurity looming over their own heritage.
The huckster lobbyist says look east to China.
Now, look hard, don't you glimpse your true future?
The Chinese have a special situation: China can make pipelines to install in your land. Then, with special know how, can roll those lemons out whole.
The Chinese buyers have many hands to squeeze and tease out value. Their special thirst demands it. And too, they have special law, no need for Canadian courts. So, route those pipelines south and west: Be open for business! That juice must be for the Chinese.
Canadians: Get out of the way! China needs Canada's future now, the better to leverage money America owes China.
To manage the exchange let the IMF make Canada's dollar act as a global reserve currency. Canadians won't care why. They'll be proud, like the Irish Tiger, until capital transfers leave them guardedly standing naked, with lemon-sucking face.
G West
23 weeks ago
Editors
Please check some of the links posted above - you're being spammed again!