News

Gulf Disaster Failed to Ignite Culture Shift: Study

It's 200 days since the largest oil spill in US history was announced capped. How we missed a prime chance for change.

By Geoff Dembicki, 2 Feb 2011, TheTyee.ca

BPSlick

Slick escape: Profs say catastrophe had potential to change policies.

Related

The oil hit Louisiana's Barataria Bay late last May, lapping onto shore in great dark ribbons and rust-coloured gobs. It had travelled more than 150 kilometres, riding eastward tides from BP's ruptured Macondo wellhead. Local fishermen and their families had suspected for a month the oil would come. Still they'd still hoped for a reprieve. Maybe the exploded offshore platform would be capped in time, some imagined, allowing the fragile wetlands, marshes, bayous and lakes they called home to replenish the Gulf of Mexico, bringing new life to its fouled waters.

Then on May 25, commercial fisherman Mike Roberts received a phone call at home from his friend out on the water. "He said, 'You gotta come out here -- you're not going to believe this,'" Roberts recalled recently, speaking to an oil spill forum in Vancouver.

The fisherman, his wife, their grandson and another companion hopped into a speedboat. Approaching Barataria Bay, the sharp smell of crude oil became "so overpowering it could knock you out." Roberts readied himself for an onslaught.

Eight months later -- and 200 days after the July 17 announcement that the well was finally capped, two academics now wonder what wider lessons, if any, were drawn from one of the worst environmental disasters in United States history.

In fact, as the researchers explain in a new paper obtained by the Tyee, last summer's oil spill may have unwittingly strengthened North America's dependence on the planet's riskiest fossil fuels.

What's a 'cultural anomaly'?

Every once in a while, a cultural event comes along so jarring that it challenges deep-rooted ideas or practices in society, resulting in wide-scale changes. One might point to the 1978 Love Canal crisis, where buried toxic waste contaminated 100 Niagara Falls homes and a public school. Intense media coverage drew graphic links between chemical exposure, birth defects and cancer. The crisis induced broad new environmental regulations and a burgeoning green movement rallied around it.

For University of Alberta business professor, P. Devereaux Jennings,  and his University of Michigan colleague, Andy Hoffman, such events are known as "cultural anomalies". They're similar to scientific discoveries -- think for instance, of James Clerk Maxwell’s observations about electricity -- which blow apart prevailing theories and wisdom. The Gulf oil spill may seem an obvious candidate. Yet a new study co-authored by both academics is raising doubts about any Love Canal-type legacy.

The right factors were certainly in play last April when BP's Deepwater Horizon rig erupted in flames. The explosion and its aftermath came at a time of "extremely heightened attention to environmental issues," the authors write. It stoked compassion for Louisiana's coastal residents, still recovering from Hurricane Katrina. The high-stakes drama of President Barack Obama battling prominent oil industry villains led news cycles all summer. The spill also issued a clear challenge to the wisdom of "safe" offshore drilling, and further still, North America's entire dependence on fossil fuels.

But while this particular disaster came "close to acting as a catalyst for deeper change," Hoffman and Jennings write, "true change in our approach to handling issues related to oil drilling, oil consumption and environmental management have yet to occur."

So what have we learned, exactly?     

'It goes on for hundreds of miles'

Mike Roberts and his companions hit oil almost the moment their speedboat entered Barataria Bay. For 35 years, Roberts had made much of his money fishing these waters. He figured the glassy sheen lapping against their boat couldn't stretch too far. But no matter which direction they headed – to Roberts' favourite shrimping spot, to Queen Bess Island's bird nesting grounds -- they couldn't escape it.

"Man, where’s the end of this oil?" Roberts asked a young shrimper on clean-up duty later that day. "It doesn't end," was his reply. "It goes on for hundreds and hundreds of miles into the Gulf of Mexico."

Though Roberts considers himself a tough guy, he cried that day, trying to hide the tears from his grandson Scottie. It was the first time in 30 years he'd broken down like that, ever since his dad died.

BP SPILL TIMELINE

For a day by day history of the Deepwater Horizon Oil spill disaster, click here.

For months the oil kept sloshing into Barataria Bay, even after BP's rig was announced capped on July 17 and then officially sealed for good in mid-September. The fumes were so dense in the humid air that rainstorms left a black film inside people's air conditioning vents.

Media reporting, meanwhile, began to downplay the Gulf spill's environmental impact, a continuing trend that baffles coastal residents.

"In some ways [the spill is] worse today," one coastal zone director said late last November, "because the world mistakenly thinks all the oil has somehow miraculously disappeared."

In the Gulf itself, chemically dispersed oil now floats far beneath the surface. The toxins it carries could someday cause "commercial fishery collapses and even species extinction," as Naomi Klein reported recently from aboard a scientific vessel. Generations from now, Hoffman and Jennings wonder, what will people have taken away from all this?

The risky oil frontier

Last spring, images of oil-drenched pelicans helped raise fundamental questions about North America's ever-riskier quest for fossil fuels. (Click here to read a Tyee report about the trend). Why were BP and other major oil companies drilling so deep in the first place? How were their activities tied to environmentally risky developments in Alberta's oil sands and the high Arctic? Is eco-system destruction an acceptable consequence of our society's addiction to fossil fuels?

By summer's end, no major environmental voice had emerged to keep these larger issues relevant, Hoffman and Jennings argue. Media attention increasingly focused on the battle lines drawn between President Obama and the BP leadership. The big questions became technical and political. Were BP's crews succeeding in capping and containing the spill? Was Obama being tough enough?

"These commentaries," Hoffman and Jennings write, "were never elevated sufficiently to challenge the institution of oil exploration and production."

That perhaps helps explain the U.S. government's decision to give the go-ahead for 16 deep-water drilling proposals earlier this January. Or why the final report of the National Oil Spill Commission called for changes that would "make American offshore energy exploration and production far safer," proposing new ways to charge oil companies for their pollution.

Hoffman and Jennings don't doubt the value of such initiatives. But the lack of wider focus could unwittingly confound visions of a clean energy future, Jennings told the Tyee.

"When you have a dramatic event and it doesn't create a rupture or a major change of perspective -- in a way that inoculates you against future change," he said. "You see people focused on the BP spill, they know what it's about, but they don't know what conclusion was drawn from it."  [Tyee]

24  Comments:

Login or register to post comments

  • Jeffrey J.

    1 year ago

    Western Propaganda Saves Us Again

    Hoffman and Jennings hoped for public change to corporate policies. This could lead to all kinds of problems, such as loss of profits to the oil industry, loss of managerial jobs, drop in stock prices, social unrest, and last but not least, potential embarrassment to the ruling class (the worst of all possible scenarios).

    Thankfully, the mainstream corporate media came to the rescue (yet again), moving the story away from questions about oil drilling and environment degradation.

    The US (and Canadian) corporate media play an integral role in keeping "democracy" safe for the rest of us. Citizens gathering together and questioning corporate policies is intermeddling in affairs we know nothing about and will just lead to confusion and possible hysteria.

    Best to return to the embracing bosom of Canada's TV and media companies where they will reassure us that everything is ok. Be happy, don't worry!

    Great coverage as always.

  • alive

    1 year ago

    Comes the revolution!

    Society is at a loss about how to influence big business!

    The idea seem to be not to bite the hand that feeds you, totally forgetting that we all survived before the industrial revolution and the following "progress".

    Then, of course we are peace-lovinb people and the thought of stringing up the parasites does not appeal to our sense of "fair play".

    Sorry people, we have to respond in the same manner as those who have caused so much misery in the name of progress, and take action in a way they understand and fear.

  • freebear

    1 year ago

    HIstory will show

    'we' missed a number of opportunities to change course!

  • realisticman

    1 year ago

    Latest.

    February 2, 2011

    "There are about 3,000 natural seeps in oil and natural gas in the Gulf of Mexico and they put out about 12 million gallons of oil and natural gas in the Gulf annually, which is part of the ecosystem. It is the nature of the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem, and in some ways it's helpful because it [produced the same microbes] that attacked the oil in this spill ... and actually benefited the environment," Petare said.

    The NOAA spokesman said that a focus group is looking into oil tar mats that have been reported to have surfaced on Louisiana beaches.

    Petare said that reports that identify the presence of oil are accurate only because the sensitivity of the equipment being used and that any oil deposits cannot be detected by the human eye or even tasted. He added that expected underwater oil plumes are "essentially gone."

    Seafood sampling, according to the NOAA representative, had testing that all came back negative for the presence of oil toxins. Petare likened the fading of an oil plume in the Gulf to that of smoke escaping from a smoke stack and becoming less obvious as it travels through the air until it is no longer noticed. ..."

    http://www.tri-parishtimes.com/articles/2011/02/02/news/332_53_noaareportofferslittle.txt

  • Dan the socialist

    1 year ago

    Comes the

    Comes the revolution!
    =======

    Canadians are too lazy and too busy filling their faces with fast food, sitting on the chesterfield watching a big screen tv etc to do anything.

    It is really amazing how people are just sheep and no wonder politicians , big corps and so called big media get away with what they do.

    Baa.

  • cboo44

    1 year ago

    Gulf Disaster Failed to Ignite Culture Shift

    Wasn't from lack of trying by the eco-freaks and the globalwarmaggedon cults.

  • mopled

    1 year ago

    If there was a viable alternative to petroleum available,

    people would have switched. That said, there is too much about this blowout that is suspicious.

    "BP and Oil Commission Reports Misrepresent The Facts, Distort The Truth"

    While the petroleum pollution is bad, it doesn't take that long for natural means to clean it up. The effects of the Mexican blowout a few years earlier were gone in 2 years.

    Realisticman, since NOAA has been heavily politicized during Obamatime, I do not feel they can be relied on to provide accurate information on this topic.

    The US EPA rules fine companies on a per barrel basis released. BP used the dispersant COREXIT heavily and it is most likely that which is poisoning people. I doubt whether the government is testing for it, and one can't find what one is not looking for!

    http://oilgate.wordpress.com/2011/01/30/coalition-of-enviro-citizens-and-political-groups-demand-corexit-use-be-stopped/

    Remember BP, along with Shell, funded the institution that produced Climategate, CRU at the University of East Anglia in the UK,.... which was also funded by the US government through grants from the US Dept of Energy .....which is another instance of the entangling corruption between Big Oil and Big Government.

    COEXIT may not be the worst problem either.
    "Permanent Biological Contamination of the Gulf "
    http://worldvisionportal.org/wordpress/index.php/2011/02/gulf-synthetic-genes-crossing-species-barriers/

    What a perfect storm!

    .

  • Luck

    1 year ago

    CHANGE COMES AT A PRICE

    THE GULF OIL SPILL WAS A FINE EXAMPLE OF STUPIDITY AND COVER UP WITH ALL GOV OFFICIALS AROUND THE WORLD.

    WHO SUFFERED. THE NEXT GENERATION OF MOSTLY CHILDREN WHO CAME IN CONTACT VIA PARENTS.

    IF YOU WANT TO CHANGE THE WORLD LOOK AT EGYPT, MIDDLE EAST, SUDAN, ALL THE COUNTRIES WHO HAVE AN ANGRY DAY EVRY DAY BECAUSE QUALITY OF LIFE HAS BEEN TAKEN AWAY. DO NOT THINK WE ARE IMMUNE.

    CANADA WILL REACH THAT POINT ALSO. HIGH FOOD PRICES, NO FARMING IN CANADA, HIGH COSTS OF OIL, GAS, ELECTRICITY, INTERNET ANS ON IT GOES UP FOR THE GREEDY FEW CORPORATIONS.

    PEOPLE TAKE NOTE OF OUR DEPRESSED BROTHERS AND SISTERS AROUND THE WORLD. BAD GOV. LEADERS BEING DEPOSED. YOUR TIME IS COMING OH RICH.... STUPID DEMOCRATIC DICTATOR WEST LEADERS AND PEOPLE.

  • dorothy

    1 year ago

    Define 'viable'.

    "..If there was a viable alternative to petroleum available,.."

    Oh, but there is. Just start doing everything the same way we did before there was petroleum. We are the same species of human. We must be capable of making that choice and managing somehow, if it could be done then.

    What we cannot do, of course, is eat our cake and have it, too. All those changes in the life of whomever made them would make one look strange to the friends and neighbour. A lot of those choices would be on the extreme, 'nerdy' side of the spectrum. My family used to go camping every year in an as far as possible non-technological way, and I assure you that many of the solutions we found to every day issues of life would have been on the 'eeuuuw' end of the spectrum for everyone we know today. But if we truly believed that we had our backs against the wall for our very survival, these feelings would have to be overcome, and we would have to wax completely pragmatic, develop harder stomachs.

    If the discussion is not about doing that, it is just gossip.

  • realisticman

    1 year ago

    Dispersants

    Mopled, you are correct about the dispersant issue. It's a shame that a chemical was used to disperse a natural product that naturally seeps from thousands of vents and crevices.

    http://pubs.acs.org/cen/news/89/i06/8906scene2.html

  • Luck

    1 year ago

    VIABLE FUEL CHANGE

    YA THERE IS A DAM GOOD VIABLE FUEL CHANGE FROM USING FOSSIL FUELS.

    UBC RESEARCH HAS BEEN TESTING AND ASKING PROV. GOV. TO LOOK AT NEW INNOVATIONS FOR YEARS NOW.

    NO ONE HAS TAKEN NOTICE. GUESS WE ARE TO BUSY EATING FAST FOOD AND WATCHING TV ABOUT ALL THE POLITICAL PARTY IN-FIGHTING GOING ON.

    NO TIME TO HELP OUR ECONOMY RIGHT NOW EH.

    ONCE WE GET OUR HEADS OUT OF THE SAND AND LOOK AT UBC RESEARCH WE CAN ONLY THEN THANK THESE PEOPLE SMART MINDS FOR TAKING THE TIME AND ENERGY TO CREATE ALTERNATIVES.

    GO TO THE UBC WEBSITE AND CHECK IT OUT AND THEN WRITE TO YOUR LOCAL MLA TO GET GOV. TO MAKE IT HAPPEN FOR THE BENEFIT OF ALL..

    NEW FUEL SOURCE AND TALK ABOUT NEW JOB CREATION. ANY MLA LISTENING OUT THER!!!

  • whatthe

    1 year ago

    The take home lesson is clear

    While it is true that BAU reigns supreme despite the horrific and highly deceptive behaviour undertaken by the primaries in this industry during the Macondo "incident" what remains to be seen is what have we learned?

    Lets hope we fully understand to what length the industry will go to fulfill their agenda and act accordingly.

    It is clear that environmental destruction, popular opinion and the interests of populations affected are mere obstacles to be overcome by these players.

    We must stop the pipe, tankers and ANY OFFSHPORE DRILLING from ever taking place in our jurisdiction.

    It is not enough that 80% of British Columbians are against the development of this industry in our Province. It is not enough that we pose a great geological risk due to earthquakes and the undersea geography, it is not enough that British Columbians do not wish to contribute to GHG Emitting undertakings.

    We must stand up and fight or they will win.

    Period.

  • mopled

    1 year ago

    Dorothy, you can't click your heels and go back 100 years

    Almost anybody can learn to drive a tractor in a few days. It takes at least two years to make a teamster.

    We don't need to give up petroleum. We need to clean up corruption.

  • andrewtejero

    1 year ago

    Culture Shift

    What won't most of society put up with these days? If anything, the 'cultural anomaly' seem to be occurring so frequently and with alarming consequences that we should simply call it 'cultural apathy'.

    For instance consider any of: 9/11, The Global Recession, BP Gulf Spill, The Declining Middle Class, Climate Change, Peak Oil.

    These issues, while axiomatically complex and not mono-causal have all occurred within only few generations. We're too entrenched in our day to day lives to realize that we need stop to re-evaluate our situation as a global community, use critical thinking and take a practical approach to reconciling our technology, our resource consumption, our environment and our economic system.

    How can we expect any progress socially when technological progress and human empathy do not take precedence over close minded mentality's and profits.

  • PeteL

    1 year ago

    In the interests of transperancy

    Its not been officially noted anywhere that the shrimp fisher man Mike Roberts is also an offshore supply vessel operator and has a 500 ton Captains ticket.

    People need to work right?

    Mike's story is very compelling and I got a chance to talk to him at an event in Liberal member Joyce Murray's riding. I buy what he had to say. And I said that publicly.

    And to the gathered folks at that event I spoke about the urgent need for more stringent regulations.

    It has been Joyce Murray's party that was the government that set into motion the notion of self regulation of industry, including transportation and packaged contaminated meat.

    And we didn't need an oil spill to decimate fisheries on two coasts. Under Liberal fisheries Ministers the stocks were mismanaged. Cripes I could name most of them.

    And while Murray decries the shipping industry and pipelines her party and her leader are in favor of the Oilsands. What a hypocrite! Her behavior in whipping up hysteria is shameful. Deceitful politics.

    My advice to the well meaning environmental groups is get rid of the radicals that play fast and loose with the facts. Same goes for the other extreme. Anytime Ezra Levant is trotted out its like playing the "Hitler card".

  • RockyRacoon

    1 year ago

    Yes it did to the right! The Koch bros even managed to capture

    that anger to decree the uselessness of Government. Remember the one Republican politican called Obama's 20 billion deal a "shakedown" all racial stereotypes acknowledged. What the Obama presidency should teach US is never to cave-never to given an inch-especially over previously won battles which have to be re-fought when the balance of forces changes and counter progressiveness rears it's ugly head. When people or rather if people get fed up with the social relations of capitalism and are sick and tired of being considered so one dimensionally as either a consumer taxpayer-but never as a worker or producer-well if the time ever comes that the mass of people ever get in a position to challange the government-never disarm-never step back. The minute those protestor's go home and a truce is announced and somehow Mubarak manages to get them to swallow his baloney about stepping down in Sept-well in the meantime thousands of "leaders" will be disappeared and another American backed dictator will be in power with a few reforms announced or perhaps even a more draconian strong man will emerge. Those who do not pay attention to history are doomed to repeat it.

  • RickW

    1 year ago

    R/M old man....

    Quote:
    Petare likened the fading of an oil plume in the Gulf to that of smoke escaping from a smoke stack and becoming less obvious as it travels through the air until it is no longer noticed. ..."

    So (by this analogy) you acknowledge that the contaminants are still there - but merely dispersed.

  • RickW

    1 year ago

    PS

    Quote:
    "There are about 3,000 natural seeps in oil and natural gas in the Gulf of Mexico

    Amazing ain't it, how "3,000 natural seeps" appear in the public domain just when they are needed to whitewash the whole thing?

  • Stewart MacKenzie

    1 year ago

    Interesting links

    Here are links to a couple of books which readers may find enlightening, they can be read online in PDF format.

    Why Your World Is About to Get a Whole Lot Smaller by Jeff Rubin:

    http://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/030735752X/ref=pe_14490_18523360_as_img_2/#reader_030735752X

    Death of the Liberal Class by Chris Hedges:
    (Samuidave, you will love this one!)

    http://www.amazon.ca/reader/0307400743/ref=rdr_sb_li_hist_3&state=01111#reader_0307400743

    To Mopled: It isn't a matter of "giving up" oil and going back 100 years; it is a matter of running out of cheap oil, which has allowed society to develop as it is, and which is nowhere near being replaced in all its uses.

    Your point about teamsters vs. tractors is relevant, many of the skills required to get by with less energy consumption have been lost to most urban and suburbanites,
    who are virtually helpless without their "modern conveniences" and who believe their own unwillingness to change can hold back history. The current North American population is the most spoiled and complacent in human history and will not wake up to the truth until it washes over all of us like a great tide!

  • mopled

    1 year ago

    Artificial scarcity and the New Feudalism

    The oil companies have been telling us for the last 60 years that we have only 40 years of petroleum left. There is no oil shortage...there is a refinery shortage.

    There are deliberately produced rolling blackouts in Texas happening right now. No traffic lights, and instead of directing traffic, the cops are writing tickets. Meanwhile, Mexico is supplying power from the coal plants they built along the border once Obama declared he was going to bankrupt companies producing power with coal..... in order to save us all from "Global Warming".
    http://www.prisonplanet.com/obamas-blocking-of-new-power-plants-triggers-nationwide-blackouts.html

    We are going into a deliberately manufactured global depression and now we are being shown deliberately generated power outages.

    We turned grain into alcohol to burn instead of petroleum, so bread prices went up in Egypt which led to the uprising.

    Amazing how one thing leads to another.

  • Stewart MacKenzie

    1 year ago

    There is no oil shortage...there is a refinery shortage.

    There is a large number of experts not representing "Big Oil" who would disagree, including Jeff Rubin in the book cited above along with James Kunstler, Jared Diamond, and others.
    The powers that be certainly do not want the public waking up to this reality, and constantly reassure us everything is under control. They scorn the "Doomsayers", for even suggesting our present consumption patterns must change or face being changed whether or not we are ready for the new reality.
    Most people would rather believe everything is rosy, and are happy to accept the industrialists' propaganda as it allows them to avoid unpleasant truths.
    Some of the contributors here seem to have been using Fox News as their main source, when they make light of the Gulf spill's impact; but the people of the Gulf Coast know better!
    When we heard Obama's statement that "the oil was all gone" we knew there was no hope for the truth to sink in with the authorities - like dirty diapers stuffed under the bed, the oil may not be visible but it definitely is not gone!

  • mopled

    1 year ago

    The Earth makes petroleum. It has nothing to do with fossils.

    The earth also make natural gas and there is plenty of that along with coal, the only real fossil fuel...

    You turn reality on its head Stewart, by saying the Globalists want to lull us into a false sense of security when the song and dance is always around scarcity. Scarcity works for the Kleptocrats and always has.

    Rubin, Kunstler and Diamond are all Warmists for heaven sake...not exactly reliable sources of info.

  • OwlRol

    1 year ago

    Sustainable pressure needed

    The age of oil, gas & coal is gradually coming to an end, perhaps not quickly enough for our own survival. But like tobacco, not in developing countries, which are trying to grab onto globalization's transport benefits. And surely not in the govt. and big corporate boardrooms.

    Some of the recent, big fossil fuel corp. blowback; Toronto mayor Ford who wants to scuttle a new subway line, or U.S. Tea Party midwest governors who would stop Obama's rapid passenger commuter train development for more highway infrastructure.

    The sad part is that the media control by big advertisers continue to push slightly greenwashed gas guzzlers as if nothing has changed, worse yet, consumers continue to make head in the sand purchases. And then there's the ongoing government shift to "voluntary compliance" by business, partly to reduce taxable costs like enforcement.

    It's sad that Europe and a few developing countries are moving ahead of us on issues of sustainability. Even China, despite its coal burning power plants, has declined nuclear as little more than a temporary power source and is now moving well ahead of us in sustainable energy production. (I hate the term "alternative" as it needs to be "mainstream".) Why haven't their solar, wind and green city mega projects been highlighted here in N. America?

    Truly sad is how little such energy systems, including energy reduction, has been supported by both main political parties, while our expensive and hazardous fossil fuel exploration (eg. Arctic) and development (eg. Tar Sands) keeps getting grossly subsidized with our taxes.

    Yes, we will need fossil fuel energy to produce and develop such other energy sources, but we are surely dragging our feet. Solar, wind and others will ultimately produce the energy to reproduce energy and we can use reduced oil production for materials, instead of burning them. (Deal with disposables, like plastic bags as well).

    At this level, the natural Gulf oil seeps and BP or other spills and their water column contamination dispersement, although significant to livelihoods and regional environment, are minimal to the bigger picture.

    Why aren't we promoting passive or active home and building energy production, plug in hybrids with fossil fuel as back up, better and faster intra city public transit, LEED building or better, etc.

    Excuses abound, change can be uncomfortable, entrenched interests will do whatever to discourage such moves including the fear of short term, competitive disadvantage and loss of profits and jobs, disinformation and worse.

    But our changes must happen soon or our planet will change it in much more uncomfortable ways for us and more so, our offspring,. We can, but will we?

  • mopled

    1 year ago

    Jeez, what a jumble of half-thruths

    The Earth makes petroleum and natural gas/methane. Both have even been discovered on one of Neptune's moons called Titan....no fossils there.
    http://www.engdahl.oilgeopolitics.net/Geopolitics___Eurasia/Peak_Oil___Russia/peak_oil___russia.html

    "847 billion tonnes of proven coal reserves worldwide. This means that there is enough coal to last us around 119 years at current rates of production. In contrast, proven oil and gas reserves are equivalent to around 46 and 63 years at current production levels."

    http://www.worldcoal.org/coal/where-is-coal-found/

    We have time to decide what makes the most sense to do over the long haul once we get free of the lunatic idea that we can change climate by breathing hard.

    • The discussion for this story is closed. No more comments can be added.