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Beyond 'Bullying'
You won't hear me say that word, as I work to protect kids.
Moy: Get to the roots
Premier Campbell and a lot of others are wearing pink today to send a signal that "bullying stops here." It's a noble aim, no doubt full of good intentions. But this may surprise you. As an educator and a parent, I have made my own resolution.
I'm going to stop using the word "bullying."
And I hope you'll consider joining me. Let's see what happens when we refrain from using bullying as the default explanation for all forms of violence or conflict that occur between young people.
Now, I realize that my decision to not talk about bullying seems to run contrary to common sense. Especially when the daily news makes us ever more conscious of the very real problems of guns, gangs and other violence in our schools.
But hear me out. I'm nervous that a singular focus on bullying in schools as a means of addressing violence is ineffective and, ultimately, unfair to young people. Think about it for a second. How many times, and in how many ways, is the word bullying drawn upon to explain the myriad of relationship dynamics, conflicts, complexities and tragedies that happen to, and between, students?
And, perhaps more importantly, is there a more productive way to get at the root causes of violence among young people?
A blurry term
I need to first mention, emphatically, that I am in no way dismissing the ugly moments that happen for young people and the incredible pain and loneliness that some students endure. Nor am I disparaging the people promoting traditional responses to bullying. I assume that these are good and genuine efforts.
But, having said this, I have concerns about the ways in which "bullying" tends to be the explanation applied to the broadest spectrum of behaviour, from the most violent of acts (i.e. the murder of Reena Virk, the Columbine school shootings) to the so-called "teasing" that happens between friends about who has the better lunch.
This way of framing abuse and violence among children first assumes that a huge range of behaviours can be grouped under the term bullying. It also assumes that bullying can be easily categorized, ranked and judged in terms of severity.
But this is problematic. To illustrate, Student A calls Student B chink/retard/ho and the risk is that this action gets addressed merely as "name-calling." The message to the students is twofold. First, name-calling (or other "lower forms" of bullying) is perceived to be less serious than other forms of bullying. And second, they are taught that when a student is called "chink/regard/ho/other derogatory name of the week," it is the name-calling that is wrong, and not the act of targeting an aspect of identity.
In a telling example, a teacher recently told me that a student at his school had "fag" spray-painted across his locker and, bypassing the opportunity to address anti-homophobic and discriminatory attitudes, the school chose to frame this incident as one of "bullying" and defacing school property.
A limited script
In other words, when something tragic or traumatic happens between young people, the notion of school bullying provides a ready-made screenplay.
The available roles are rigid: the aggressive bully, lax teachers, ambivalent administrators, neglectful parents and uncaring bystanders.
The plots are familiar and worn: "broken homes," low self-esteem, cycles of violence, and public school systems in disarray.
And the conclusion is predetermined: calls for "zero tolerance," harsher punishment, mandatory counselling, nostalgia for traditional families, and increased surveillance.
The danger in subscribing to these overarching explanations is that violence in schools is reduced to a private, individual problem, one in which the answer primarily rests on reforming the individual, rather than addressing more complex social problems.
In this current way of framing the problem, bullies and victims are constructed as different -- and more than that, deviant. Too easily, bullying is assumed to be about lacking empathy, assertiveness, confidence, self-esteem or some other "normal" trait.
As an example, there is a B.C. Ministry of Education resource that confidently divides victims into two psychological moulds: passive (described as being "shy" and "smaller in stature") and provocative (regularly pester others, have problems socially interacting).
I feel for the students this year who will encounter harassment and violence and, in the midst of this loneliness, turn to this resource. How would the students with fag/chink/ho etc. spray painted across their lockers read themselves into the advice that they have, in some way, acted too passively or provocatively and thus brought this on themselves? Blaming the victim is already rampant in our society. Let's not teach it to our kids too soon.
Why are they really targets?
This isn't to argue that individual responsibility doesn't play a big part in lessening school violence. But I think we need to think about violence in schools as more than the sum of individual actions, individual weaknesses and individual blame. In doing so, we close space and opportunity for having important, rewarding and, yes, difficult discussions about racism, homophobia and all the other ways of marking difference that we've passed on to kids. If we're too busy focusing on psychological styles of individual kids -- their passive or aggressive natures -- we miss the opportunity to question why it is that young people are getting targeted for being gay, disabled, poor, native, etc. in the first place.
At the same time, we need to admit that bullying is too imprecise a term to help us really grapple with the range of violence that can occur among, and against, young people.
Google "murder" and "bullying" together and you'll find many a story about a teenager whose murder was cited as a severe case of bullying. What does it say about how adults value (or devalue) the experiences of young people when a young woman is sexually assaulted and sexually harassed multiple times on and off school property by her peers and this gets cited as an example of extreme bullying.
So I'm going to stop using the word "bullying" for the two reasons I've explained here. I think it places too much emphasis on the individual, not enough on our collective responsibility to change a culture that allows racism, sexism, homophobia and other forms of discrimination to persist.
And I don't think the word is very useful, either, when it has been stretched to describe acts ranging from hallway teasing to sexual assault and even murder. So wear those pink clothes today, and know that I salute your admirable urge to protect kids. But when we meet around the water cooler, I'll be trying to find a different way to say "bullying stops here."
Related Tyee stories:
- The New Cyberbullies
Meaner than sticks and stones. Right here in BC schools. - B.C.'s Least Safe Teens The roots of gay bashing need more focus, says head of B.C.'s new Institute for Safe Schools.
- The Grim Lives of Virk's Attackers Rootlessness, poverty, trauma marked their youths, a new book finds.




21
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RickW
4 years ago
Skinner Box
School (and the society that fosters it) has become nothing more than a very large Skinner Box:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skinner_box
complete with the shortfalls inherent to any impersonal, institutionalized system.
Bruce Alexander, a psychologist who recently retired after thirty-five years at Simon Fraser University in British Columbia, noted that:
The problem with the Skinner box experiments, Alexander and his co-researchers suspected, was the box itself. To test that hypothesis, Alexander built an Eden for rats. Rat Park was a plywood enclosure the size of 200 standard cages. There were cedar shavings, boxes, tin cans for hiding and nesting, poles for climbing, and plenty of food. Most important, because rats live in colonies, Rat Park housed sixteen to twenty animals of both sexes.
http://www.walrusmagazine.com/articles/2007.12-health-rat-trap/
In other words, the "aberrant" behavior of kids in the school system is being fed by the system itself.
Grumpy
4 years ago
It is a farce!
Anti bullying in schools is a noble thing, but when politicians (the greatest bullies of all) get into the act, it demeans the whole process.
Most bullies are moral cowards, in fact most bullies are psychopaths! I know, I was horribly bullied at school and no one gave a craps ass!
Today's bully is tomorrow's business men; tomorrow's community leader's; tomorrow's politicians. When a bully becomes a 'local' hero, he is praised. When a bully becomes a community, he becomes sociably acceptable.
I can say a lot more about bullies and who were the most evil of the lot, but why? They are lauded community leaders who got in the position by beating up; then making a massive amount of money at the expense of the 'little guy'.
I won't be wearing 'pink' today because it is an utter farce, promoted by the media because they are afraid to tackle the real news stories in the province [COMMENT REMOVED FOR LEGAL CONCERNS. -MODERATOR.]
Chris H
4 years ago
Skinner Box
Being a student of Bruce K. Alexander 15 years ago, I doubt he would use your analogy, RickW. Schools have transformed a lot over the last 50 years. Today, we have a much better understanding of children, their rights, and their need to make some of their own choices in order to become their own person. I would suggest that most schools look more like Alexander's "rat park" than ever before. Schools are more about meeting the needs of the children now and less about caging them into complete conformity. Can we get better? You bet! But, the demonization of schools is without merit.
As to bullying. I appreciate what the author of this article says. It is, no doubt, a complex issue. Dealing with incidents in a reactionary and superficial way will not solve anything. However, that is why wearing pink is so powerful for the students today. This is an idea that was brought forward by students! They are using their voice to make a statement. That they are able to do this is testamount to a changing and dynamic school system. Celebrate their provocative and positive statement and make this a better world to be in.
Fiat lux
4 years ago
Bullying and crime in
Bullying and crime in general are just another form of economic competition.
It is that simple.
Our economic system praises and rewards the criminals who steal the most from the most, enslave the most and ruin the most lives and environment, then justifies it with the distorted words of a guy, Adam Smith, dead for over 200 years.
If this kind of behavior is acceptable in the daily lives of our society, where millions don't know whether they'll have a business, home, or income tomorrow, then there's no point in complaining if the survival of the most brutal jerks is copied in the schools.
Overwaitea is now in negotiations , demanding 2 hour shifts. Is this not bullying ? How about the fish farms destroying salmon runs, or mining companies dumping poisons into rivers and lakes ?
I grew up in an impoverished country during the depression, going to elementary school barefoot, because it was the norm, when the price of a pencil was a family crisis and children fainted from hunger in class.
There was no theft, nobody lost anything. We had no lockers and in the winter, our coats were hanging out in the hallways. Nothing was lost, no kids committed crimes, nobody was ever charged with anything.
When my kids were going to school in the Killarney area of Vancouver in the 60s and 70s, their lockers were vandalized, shoes, books, clothing was stolen every week, razor slashings in the girls washrooms over drug deals, etc.
So, what causes such actions in the midst of plenty, if not the general atmosphere of legalized theft in the hands of power elites?
The politicians and the psychologists can moan and groan and wring their hands, unless they dare to look for the real causes, the psychology of ideologically licenced crime, things will never improve.
If our ideological system encourages environmental destruction and the wiping out of whole species, and human societies, for the profit demands of a few, we have no right to complain about school bullying.
Ed Deak, Big Lake
maikopunk
4 years ago
Call it what you want
All the initiatives in the world won't change the fact that some people are just jerks. Regardless of gender, nationality, socioeconomic status, even popularity, some people are just driven to beat down on others. The word bullying connotes the type of continual harassment that can go on - a campaign of attacks, insults and humiliation.
Unfortunately, since I was in the schoolyard, the mediums and opportunities for bullying have just increased. It used to be that you could get away from it once you were physically away from school, but now, kids can be victimized in their own homes, via the Internet.
So what does the writer suggest we do, if it doesn't start with the individuals and families?
gkam
4 years ago
bullies?
The schools are wrong. They are responding to aggressive behavior with aggressive behavior. Have we not learned our lesson that aggression is caused by aggression? Are we not just doing to the bully what the bully is doing to someone else? Of course, we are.
It is all due to the lack of affection and emtional security during infancy and early years. If these can be corrected in future generations, we may have a chance to stop it. Of not, we will continue this cycle of violence until we are all gone.
Those who hurt others are just getting back at someone who hurt them - usually a parent. Whenever I hear someone say that they "respect" their folks for physical or emotional discipline, I know I am hearing someone who will beat his children to "get even". This, of course, teaches those children to beat the grandchildren.
Then they can all join up in the military, and kill for peace.
Yammer
4 years ago
Sometimes it's not discrimination
While I agree with a lot of this article and appreciate the out-of-the-box intelligence brought to the issue, I disagree with two of the premises.
The first is that "young people are getting targeted for being gay, disabled, poor, native, etc." Moy is conceding that the bully is basically accurate albeit inappropriate, hence discriminatory.
I don't remember this being at all true. My observation was that bullies were not very concerned with correctly identifying sexuality or other group characteristic, but in picking the handiest put-down that came to their limited minds. "Fag" was a good one because it was social anathema.
We could just re-educate them out of homophobia, but then the bullies would find a new, stigmatizing epithet.
The second thing I disagree with is the notion of looking to root causes in culture. Actually, I don't disagree with it -- it is surely how we will change the world over generations -- it's just not going to make any discernable difference to the kid that is being, uh, bullied/discriminated against today. "Zero tolerance" etc is imperfect justice, ok, but it's fast. If you have to wait too long for perfect justice, you tend to want to take the solution into your own hands.
And, frankly, that method -- crude, but time-tested and proven effective -- is how this particular 'chink' (actually, Nip) stopped being bullied.
simonfraser
4 years ago
too much hypocrisy on days
too much hypocrisy on days like this. jump on the bandwagon so you can feel good about yourself for a day. where's kramer when you need him?
milktoast
4 years ago
bullying as euphemism
I had similar thoughts listening to a news story recently about a kid in (I think) California who killed another kid for being openly gay. The coverage was framed in terms of tolerance vs. bullying. Almost in passing they mentioned that the murderer was probably reacting to rumours that the gay kid had a crush on him. The bullying script seemed to miss the point entirely. Preaching blanket tolerance in that instance would have been a poor antidote to deadly homophobia.
On the other hand, my school-age daughter and her peers have been, admirably, steeped with an anti-bullying awareness that didn't exist in my day. I like your point about bullying being an imprecise term, and maybe the problem is the misuse of the term as a euphemism. I suppose it's more comfortable for Fox news - or BC cabinet ministers for that matter - to denounce bullying than to pointedly address homophobia without resorting to euphemisms.
pender paul
4 years ago
the biggest bully
So premier DUI will be wearing pink today--rich, coming from the biggest bully in the province--just look at what he's done to health care workers, nurses, teachers, government workers, etc. Talk about leading by example! The premier again proves that there's no limit in his ability to embrace hypocrisy. Interesting article--I will continue to use the word "bully" as it is useful in describing a variety of situations. In addressing bullying in the school system, the teachers' union has had an anti-bullying program in place for many years--it has been my observation that regrettably school administrators have been lax in taking bullying seriously and as a result (in my opinion) schools are more unfriendly and hostile now than in years past. It is indeed a sad reflection on society when we have to have a day to "celebrate" anti-bullying. Additionally, I note with interest that all the major television networks earn vast amounts of money by promoting bullying as a form of entertainment suitable for family viewing. Who holds the media accountable--no one in this fair land!
weasel
4 years ago
Were people bullied into wearing pink today?
I was at school today and a lot of people (more female than male, except for the PE Department, which acts as a large amorphous body) wore pink. The only people who didn't wholesale-adopt pink were middle-age or older women like myself. We know that pink is only a colour; that there are myriads of ways of being discriminated against; that you can wear pink all you like and you can still be "bullied" or treated as a lesser form of life.
RickW
4 years ago
Chris H
With respect, I must disagree. What the schools are doing today is strictly "bandaid" rather than address the source.
Ed Deak has it right, in that bullying in school must bve addressed both before the child goes to school, and when (s)he leaves the system. It's a tall order, and for that reason authorities shy from addressing it, except in the most superficial manner.
I think Bruce Alexander (not having met the gentleman, but never-the-less most imnpressed with his Rat Park) would agree with my assertion.
Bullying is a form of addiction, and requires an approach similar to the success of the Italian San Patrignano:
http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=it&u=http://www.sanpatrignano.org/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3DSan%2BPatrignano%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG
Yammer
4 years ago
hey Weasel
Wearing pink is an act of solidarity with the weak, of saying "we're with you." It doesn't address the root causes that Lisa Moy is talking about, but it is a good thing in and of itself.
I can see you maybe flinching at a certain self-congratulatory aspect of it. That's just ordinary smugness, it's not bullying.
morechatter
4 years ago
Give Me A Break!
These guys never miss a chance for a photo opp because like nobody is going to buy Campbell and Company in pink, like nobody because it just isn't so. However I'm certain that many of the Liberal's victims are happy for the break.
ME2
4 years ago
Though I can't see a remedy for it,
You are right on, Ed Deak. While anti-social behaviour is noted in the schools, where it is closely watched, we fail to see that it is epidemic in our society, where it is considered "normal".
rockyvoids
4 years ago
powertrips
that is what this mis and over used ism is.
Take for instance the proud mother constantly bragging about her successful offspring amongst her peers. Or, the mother or mother-in-law who constantly nags about your inability of properly raising one's children.
Then you have the relative who rains on everyone's parade during the annual thanksgiving or christmas get-together.
One should also remember the politician who uses their fleeting power to bully the taxpayer into conforming to their my-way-or-the-highway stance. Christie Clark and the Teacher's Fed. Then uses the bully-pulpit of the air-waves to promote "Wear Pink." What a hypocrite.
Yes, bullying is the wrong euphemism to be using for this form of human interaction.
It's also sexist.
Mustafarian
4 years ago
vague and ambiguous
I found this article’s premise vague and ambiguous, as well as unhelpful in dealing with what I consider a very serious problem of violence in the school system. I disagree with the author’s premise and will continue to use the term ‘bullying’ to refer to a wide range of abusive and violent behavior between school students. And I also support a zero tolerance approach for such acts.
From my perspective, despite the fact Canada is a relatively peaceful society, the tolerance and acceptance for violence remains far higher than what we should aspire to. While hokey fights and government war mongering (as in Afghanistan) are examples of the normalization of violence in society, school plays a pivotal role in shaping the values of our people, and it is there where we can take strong action against violent and abusive attitudes.
The path I would favor is of stronger deterrent against such abuse that would protect victims, clearly identify perpetrators and hold their parents or guardians partially responsible. This doesn’t mean taking harsh and unreasonable action against bullies or their families, for I do agree that complex external factors such as dysfunctional families and poverty play a role. Perhaps a reasonable approach could be to increase funding for psychological support and social services for mal adjusted and violent young people and their families, with serious offenders being segregated from the student population until they understand and take responsibility for the pain and suffering they cause. Of course given the current lack of political support for the education system, it’s almost impossible to expect this, or any, kind of increase in services. So then it might just be up to parents to organize themselves, find allies among school workers and students, then take serious action against violence in schools, and challenge the apathetic and irresponsible elements that cover and make excuses for it.
Our children’s education system is one of the most important places where we as a people must take a strong stand in reducing overall violence and abusive behavior in our society. Schools should be places of sanctuary where children are safe and secure, and a zero tolerance for bullying is a good first step in getting there.
ME2
4 years ago
"Zero tolerance"? Just more Hokum for the masses/
Sorry, Mustafarian, but "zero tolerance" in its multiplicity of forms rapidly becomes just another form of bullying.
It's too bad the touchie-feelies have deliberately blinded themselves to seeing that.
slim
4 years ago
Pink the day after
To me, wearing pink on an anti-bullying day is symbolic of the recognition of the action that some students in Nova Scotia took to defend one of their school mates. I will never suggest that one anti-bullying day will eliminate bullying forever. Anti-bullying education requires constant attention in our schools. It requires the students to recognize different types of bullying, the roles of different participants (bully, bullied, and bystander), and steps that can be taken to reduce and eliminate bullying.
As for the pink shirts, if no males wear their pink shirts until the next anti-bullying or elimination of cancer campaign, then the pink shirt just represents a costume to wear on a Halloween-Light day.
Pink is normal.
"Strong, men, aren't, afraid, to, wear, pink!" Quote from grade-two student I know.
Moat
4 years ago
Thanks
Thanks for the article. Very thought provoking and written in a way that allows us to explore the issue without offending those who have the best of intentions.
morechatter
4 years ago
Beyond Belief!
Is more like it because you can't make a silk pursue out of a sow's ear and takes a worthy campaign turns into a mockery. Why in the world would anyone get the province's biggest bully to wear pink other than we can see him coming? Its another slap in face to many of Campbell's victims the disabled,youth,elderly,women,children,homeless,etc many who have felt the cold and malious stink of the Campbell government.