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Mental Illness Leads to Homelessness in BC

Research finds high percentage of long-term homeless suffer schizophrenia, were abused as children.

By Monte Paulsen, 22 Jun 2010, TheTyee.ca

Mental Illness

Mental illness comes first in most cases.

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British Columbia's homeless suffered from severe mental health challenges long before they lost their homes, a new study has found.

And more than half of Vancouver's homeless and mentally ill suffer from schizophrenia, according to preliminary data from another study.

These findings were among the research presented Monday at a "Health of the Homeless" summit in Vancouver.

Mental illness came first

"Health challenges, and especially trauma experience among homeless individuals, start much earlier then actual living in substandard housing, very often in childhood or critical developmental periods," said Dr. Michael Krausz, who holds the LEEF Chair for Addiction Research at UBC.

Krausz presented results of a recent study of 500 homeless British Columbians found in Vancouver, Victoria and Prince George.

Among other objectives, the study was designed to address the chicken-or-egg question that has plagued homeless policymakers for decades: Do people lose their housing due to their mental challenges? Or do they become ill as a result of losing their home?

The results were unequivocal: More than half of the men and women in the large study group were found to have suffered from both physical and emotional abuse, often at an early age. More than seven out of every 10 women were also victims of sexual abuse, along with three in 10 men.

In addition to being frequent victims of childhood abuse, the majority of homeless British Columbian are also parents: 71 per cent had one or more children, and 25 per cent had two or more.

Schizophrenia common in Vancouver

Another study found that more than half of the homeless and mentally ill Canadians enrolled in the Vancouver portion of the landmark At Home/Chez Soi study suffer from schizophrenia.

Among that Vancouver study's "higher needs" subgroup -- who include many long-term homeless -- fully 72 per cent are affected by the mental disorder, which commonly manifests as auditory hallucinations, paranoid delusions, or disorganized speech and thinking.

The At Home/Chez Soi research demonstration project is investigating mental health and homelessness in five Canadian cities. Vancouver researchers have already enrolled 255 of a planned 500 participants.

"We're trying to recruit in a way that give us a representative sample of the Vancouver homeless population," said Dr. Julian Somers, who leads the Vancouver portion of the project.

The Vancouver homeless reported heavy use of emergency services: 58 per cent had been to emergency rooms within the last six months, and 32 per cent were arrested by police within the past six months.

There were also found to be remarkably upbeat. Fully 73 per cent agreed with the statement, "I am hopeful about my future."

"They believe in themselves," Somers told the conference. "We have to do likewise."

Homeless treatment paradox

Dr. Christian G. Schutz, who serves as medical manager for the Burnaby Centre for Mental Health and Addiction, described a "homeless treatment paradox" in which those most in need tend to get the least care.

As an example, Schutz described the fate facing individuals with fetal alcohol syndrome. Though they tend to be intellectually capable as adults, 80 per cent are unable to live independently.

But because British Columbia requires that an individual have an IQ of less than 70 in order to qualify for long-term support services, Schutz said those with fetal alcohol syndrome are systematically excluded from care and consigned to homelessness by the province.

Outreach workers report an extremely high prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome among the homeless.

"Concurrent disorders are more central than had been recognized before," Schutz told the conference. "Those with concurrent disorders... are more likely to be Aboriginal, more likely to live on the street... And two to three times more likely to not receive the help they need."  [Tyee]

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  • Spiritlifter

    1 year ago

    Systemic-genocide

    This is what happens to aboriginals in Canada all the time. Why doesn't the population at large care about this issue? Because this is somebodys' "final solution." It is somebody's means to our end. Alot of my generation didn't make it to 40. There is a reason for that: Genocide-in the form of social economic warfare. We as a people, don't own any land. In Canada, genocide has been cleaned up to look like something else. You don't see it unless you actually care. When you care, then you can't miss it. My people are everywhere on the street. My sisters are exposed to serial killers. In closing, Aboriginals are small in numbers, but share the bulk of the social economic hardships this country has experienced in its'143 year history.

  • RickW

    1 year ago

    Spiritlifter

    I am not sure if you are old enough to remember the L'il Abner comic strip, but there was one episode, set during the heyday of the Peace Corp movement, when a couple of volunteers were asked why they joined this organization, and the answer was so they could save the poor of the world. When asked why they had to fly off to some remote part of the globe, when they could stay at home and save America's poor, mainly First Nations ("Indians" back then), they replied that it was simply too boring.

    When problems occur too close to home, the eyes glaze over, the brain turns off, and daydreams of far away (and hence, more important) places dance behind their eyelids.

    The Tyee article:
    http://thetyee.ca/Life/2010/06/22/SavingLivesInAndes/
    has Harper pledging to save the world's poor. But which poor is he thinking of when he utters these words?

  • snert

    1 year ago

    Geez!

    Who just woke up. All this article does is state the obvious.

  • RickW

    1 year ago

    snert

    Are you saying "We hold these truths to be self-evident"?

  • rantnic

    1 year ago

    SPIRITLIFTER RAISES MY SPIRIT

    You, Spiritlifter obviously enjoy a good education, this allows you to put it so eloquently, the plight of our native people. It is unfortunate that those with mental issues (and Natives) are mostly viewed as a blight on our society when in reality our society is a blight on them. The native culture has historically embraced their challenged and accepted them. Shouldn't we?

  • John Greg

    1 year ago

    snert ...

    There are many tens of thousands of people in this province alone, never mind the rest of our benighted country, that need to be have the obvioused stated to them time, and time again.

    It does no harm to put the heavy hammer to the hard head, from time to time.

  • mariner

    1 year ago

    ANOTHER OF CAMPBELLS GREAT SOLUTIONS EH ! - JUST IGNORED

    Unfortunately, after nearly ten years in power, it is obvious that the BC Lie-berals do not think this problem is bad enough to do anything about it.

    Of course there was problems in 2001 and the numbers of homeless has increased - not decreased. You can put whatever spin you want on it, but major cuts to social services has put a lot of these patients out on the streets.

    So Campbell continues to beat up on the poor, sick, the elderly, the mentally challenged and nothing gets done. It is not confined to the Fn peoples, but does include a lot of other unfortunates as well.

    Just could not resist mentioning how well Campbell has championed the causes of the unfortunate - not at all. He needs to go and go quickly.

    Thank you.

  • MacKenna

    1 year ago

    Government policy leads to/causes homelessness.

    Remember the time before homelessness was pervasive, and a fact of life in virtually every city? Unaffordable housing, a lack of social housing, wages that don't keep up with inflation, closing down mental health facilities, booting the most vulnerable people out of programs and leaving them to fend for themselves on disability payments so out of wack with the cost of living, they're bound to end up on the streets? Mental illness doesn't lead to homelessnes, government policy does.

    Mental illness and disability have always been part of the human condition. How society treats its most vulnerable citizens determines whether someone becomes homeless.

  • khed67

    1 year ago

    Geez snert

    It's obviously not so obvious to the majority of people, or perhaps you just woke up and didn't realize this...

  • ASKBiblitz.com

    1 year ago

    Aboriginal navel-gazing is part of the plan, too!

    Spiritlifter is under the mistaken apprehension that schizophrenia and other poverty and mental health issues are the exclusive purview of First Nations! A dangerously myopic view, but it's certainly one the legion of attys rep'ing both gov't and aboriginals would like us all, esp aboriginals, to believe b/c it's the key to the federal gravy train from which they feed so voraciously.

    I urge readers to examine the facts of aboriginal funding in Canada. See http://www.askbiblitz.com/aboriginal.php. Ba-zillions are spent both federally and provincially by a wide variety of govt depts. - not just Indian Affairs - on aboriginal programs with lofty-sounding names supposedly to benefit this group of fewer than 1.2 million Canadians. Audits of the programs, however, reveal that for the most part - I repeat, for the most part - few, if any, of these programs achieve anything close to their goals. A succession of reports by Auditor General Sheila Fraser consistently reveals how badly these programs fail, yet attys protecting budgetary grift somehow convince the pols to continue funding the programs - ka-ching$ - allowing them to create even more! Worst of all, the nature of the unique relationship btwn FN and Canada means legal rep'n is required on all sides of every transaction involving aboriginals - ka-ching$.

    The result: Aboriginals are consistently denied basic life necessaries while attys supposedly rep'ing either them or us taxpayers are covered in gold. The Treasury Board stats on public service salaries and benefits at DIAND alone are staggering. Alas, when aboriginal beneficiaries of these programs complain, the media portrays them as greedy, lazy Indians always with a hand out, fueling the division btwn Cdns and our FN bros and sisters. Clearly, it's the bureaucrats - mostly lawyers - who benefit from the sick, co-dependent relationship btwn FNs and the fed/Crown. Again, follow the money!

    As Shakespeare's butcher famously opined in Hank 6, "The first thing we do, kill (or in this case, fire) all the lawyers." If ASKBiblitz programs failed as reliably as these, to turf old Biblitz in the street would be the work of an instant. Surely public funding must be performance driven to a least some extent!

    Once this money is liberated from the evil clutches of incompetent bureaucrats, they may be redirected properly toward re-creating the same kinds of anti-poverty programs and services that were in effect before Mulroney's big blue machine rolled over them, giving Canada an urban homeless problem still expanding today. Thanks, Brian.

  • Name

    1 year ago

    This is our shame

    ...and we need people like Paulsen to keep stating it until we confront it and stop turning our backs on our most bulnerable citizens.

    People also need to see that it is possible to do better - How are other societies coping with mental illness, schizophrenia, victims of childhood abuse, etc?

  • warbler

    1 year ago

    Two words...

    Housing FIRST!

  • mmphosis

    1 year ago

    A lack access to homes and shelter is the cause of homelessness.

    Did the study give statistics on people WITH homes?

    "Krausz presented results of a recent study of 500 homeless British Columbians found in Vancouver, Victoria and Prince George."

    I think that they had surveyed a control group of people with homes the statistics would be much the same for people with homes. And how exactly does one decide who is mentally ill and who is not? And, who decides?

    Depriving us of shelter is crazy-making.

  • rosebean

    1 year ago

    Hellooo?

    Yes! Of course mental illness leads to homelessness. Couldn't it be more obvious? Some one without control over their mind is certainly not able to take control of their day-to-day life. My ex-husband and father of our 2 young children started suffering from mental illness in his mid-30's. He went into the mental hospital homeless and he came out of the mental hospital homeless. The lack of support for this vulnerable and very ill group of people is deplorable!

  • RickW

    1 year ago

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