Deadly Boom
Rising job related deaths prompt safety calls.
Roses on coffins at Bentall memorial. Photo T. Sandborn.
Job related injuries and illnesses are killing nearly five Canadians a day, and the death toll for B.C. workers last year alone was higher than for Canadian forces in the entire Afghan mission.
"Canada can do much better," charges a think tank study, citing a 45 per cent increase nationally in job related deaths between 1993 and 2005.
The study, issued by The Centre for the Study of Living Standards, finds accidental deaths are down but occupational illness deaths are up, making Canada the worst among developed nations at reducing workplace fatalities over the last 20 years.
On Monday, Jan. 7, dozens of mourners gathered in downtown Vancouver to remember four construction workers who fell to their deaths from the Bentall Centre's Tower IV on that date in 1981. They heard Wayne Peppard, executive director of the BC and Yukon Territory Building and Construction Trades Council, say the current boom in construction in the province had led to an increase in construction related deaths.
There were 38 construction industry deaths recorded in this province in 2006. 2007 stats for B.C.'s construction industry are not yet available, but WorkSafe BC compensated 87 work related deaths in the province last year.
By comparison, the death toll for Canadians involved in the current Afghan mission now stands at 74.
'Our work is not done'
"B.C. is about to enter yet another record-breaking year for construction. In the rush to meet completion dates and budget projections, we must never forget about the safety of workers," Peppard said.
Peppard noted that B.C construction-related deaths had averaged 25 a year since the Bentall tragedy, and 35 per year over the last five years.
Peppard criticized the Campbell government and WorkSafe BC (formerly the Workers Compensation Board) for eliminating many health and safety regulations, but commended "the recent board at WorkSafe BC for some recent actions they have taken to review those decisions and to provide a safer workplace for construction workers."
Peppard singled out for praise the creation last year of the Construction Compliance Plan/High Risk Strategy, which is increasing onsite inspections by hiring more inspectors, creating new regulations requiring young and new worker safety orientation, and developing rules governing safety for those working alone, which will come into effect Feb. 1.
Al Johnson, a WorkSafe BC official present to participate in the memorial, told The Tyee that construction is, by its nature, a dangerous trade. Nevertheless, he said, "Until there are no deaths and injuries in construction, our work is not done."
Canada's worsening record
A research document published in 2006 suggests that the undone work around worker safety extends far beyond B.C. and its construction industry.
Five Deaths a Day: Workplace Fatalities in Canada 1993-2005, written by Andrew Sharpe and Jill Hardt for the Ottawa economic think tank The Centre for Study of Living Standards, reports that workplace deaths have spiked upward in Canada during the period studied, rising from 758 in 1993 to 1,095 in 2005.
Construction industry deaths across the country during this period fell into the mid-range in terms of number of deaths per hundred thousand workers from 1995-2005. During that period about 21 construction workers out of 100,000 died on the job. By comparison, nearly 50 workers out of 100,000 died at work in the mining, quarrying and oil well sectors. The finance and insurance sector saw one death per half million workers.
International Labour Organization figures show Canada with the fifth highest incidence of workplace deaths globally, trailing Korea, Mexico, Portugal and Turkey.
When adjustments are made for different record keeping protocols, the U.S. also has a higher incidence of work related fatalities than Canada. The ILO says that 2.2 million workers die annually in work related accidents and illnesses around the world, and that 270 million work accidents and 160 million work-related illnesses are reported.
Asbestos a big killer
Occupation-related illnesses account for much of the Canadian industrial death toll, with the toxic legacy of asbestos mining and use the biggest single element in that casualty list. In 2005, 50.7 per cent of work related deaths were caused by occupational illness, and 61 per cent of those deaths, 340, were caused by asbestos. Asbestos alone killed 31 per cent of all workers who died from work-related causes in 2005.
Under Monday's gray skies in downtown Vancouver, family members, trade union activists and media gathered around four symbolic black coffins, each bearing a white hard hat with the name of one of the victims who fell to their deaths from the top of the Bentall tower in 1981. Blood red roses lay beside each hard hat.
The four carpenters remembered were Gunther Couvreux, Donald W. Davis, Yrjo Mitrunen and Brian Stevenson. They plummeted more than 30 floors to the pavement when a concrete fly form they were working on tore free from the building
"These accidents should stop," Stevenson's mother Joyce told The Tyee. "Too often, safety is taken for granted."
Government 'lip service' alleged
Craig Paterson is a veteran Vancouver lawyer who has specialized in cases related to worker health and safety. He acted for the carpenters' union in the coroner's inquest into the Bentall deaths, and told The Tyee in a recent phone interview that the yearly memorial serves an important public purpose in reminding us all of the unacceptable toll that industrial accidents and injuries impose on Canada.
"The memorial helps make safety a public issue again," he said. "The results of the Bentall inquest make it clear that even with a high quality company, safety screw-ups can happen. There has to be more serious attention paid to health and safety on the job site, and the lip service paid to it by the current B.C. and federal governments is not sufficient."
"We've seen too much ideologically-driven changes and cuts to regulation and inspection lately," Paterson added. "Lack of enforcement remains a problem across the country. I am seeing a real epidemic of deaths and injuries in the Alberta oil fields these days, as young and inexperienced workers flood in, for example."
A study by the Ontario Construction Secretariat found that during the 1990s union-organized job sites consistently reported fewer than half the number of workplace time-loss incidents than did non-union sites in that province. No similar study has been done in B.C. to determine whether unionized job sites are safer than others.
Related Tyee stories:
- Kids on the Job: Back to Old Days?
B.C.'s child labour standards are now the weakest in Canada. That has the former official in charge worried for kids' safety. - BC's Risky Back Roads
No standards, murky oversight, can make them deadly. - Lost Labour
Unearthing a photo record of extinct jobs.



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James Burns
4 years ago
Health and Safety
Another HUGE area of safety neglect is in hospitals. Very VERY simple sanitation procedures can and should be put into place to prevent hundreds, if not thousands of totally unnecessary deaths and injury due to infections picked up in the hospital. Doctors are by far the worst at maintaining simple sanitary hand washing procedures, although all hospital staff are guilty.
To get a real scare as to just how bad it is take a look at the following report from CBC's Marketplace (you can select to watch the video at the provided link):
http://www.cbc.ca/marketplace/2007/06/dirty_docs.html
The program looks at 3 different hospitals in Ontario, Quebec and BC. The one in BC, Vancouver's St. Paul's is probably the worst.
alive
4 years ago
"For profit" cleaning
James Burns
Yup, simple safety procedures may well be ignored at hospitals;
However it all starts with the privatecleaning contractors who only worry about getting the visible spots cleaned regularly.
This is where "for profit" becomes a bad word.
Norwalk keeps cropping up, and cleanliness is all ti takes to prevent that from happening!
James Burns
4 years ago
Hand sanitation
Well I agree that private for-profit cleaning services are currently part of the problem in hospitals. But they aren't the primary problem. Doctors and nurses will never be a part of the cleaning staff. Very simple hand washing procedures are the most effective means of preventing the spread of infection. They are incredibly cheap to implement, but they have to be followed to be effective. Doctors simply do not follow those procedures, nor in many cases do nurses. Whenever you visit a doctor, whether at a hospital or even at a clinic, you should insist they wash their hands thoroughly or use hand sanitizer before they touch you, or touch any of the tubes or equipment attached to you. You drastically lessen the chance of picking up an infection that way, and given the number of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria residing in hospitals these days, it's vital you make them engage in proper hand sanitation.
Afool2cry
4 years ago
Today's Work Environment
I've worked in the retail sector for over 20 years now. I have been a direct part of, off and on, the H&S committees, participated in numerous risk assessments & accident investigations. I've read many articles on the subject of today’s youth workers, generation x, y and now z, the trends in work place accidents, and the woes of today’s companies. I've basically come to the understanding that most of the safety related issues in today’s work environment, when it comes to worker safety, can attributed to two things, the lack of worker training AND their lack of experience. My observations indicate that most serious injuries and deaths overwhelmingly occur in the under 30 male worker demographic.
I firmly believe the bulk of the responsibility lies with the employer so don't think for a second that I am defending companies, but there are some serious issues that extend far past a company’s control. We have seen over the years the huge shift in workers and their willingness to hop from job to job at a moment’s notice. Long gone are the days where employees would stick with a company for 10, 20, even 30 years. One of the things that make it very hard for employers to train properly is that you have a new employee come into your work environment and they stay for a short time and move on. Worker training has become a huge cost, much, much more than it has been in the past. Not only is there the cost factor but a lot of times the safety training that employees does get is never put into practical use because the situations they are trained for doesn’t occur before they switch jobs. By no means am I blaming employees for the safety woes we now face in Canada but when you consider how many times employers bring in new employees there is an exponential increase in the likelihood of an injury occurring due to lack of experience. Now don't get me wrong, long term employees do have their fair share of accidents, but when you think of where the majority of the serious injuries and deaths occur I believe it is due to inexperienced workers doing work that is relatively new to them.
Afool2cry
4 years ago
Today's Work Environment (cont.)
Another contributing factor is the globalization of today’s companies and the willingness of them to move their operations to countries where labor costs are cheaper, Companies that do operate in Canada face a huge dilemma when it comes to being competitive with their products and services. There is a huge struggle that companies face in retaining employees, the cost involved in constantly training new employees, and the disparity in the cost of labor that we have in Canada compared to other countries. I also believe that there are employees that do not get the proper training because companies are trying to keep their costs down. Further to that, you have supervisors that can barely keep their workforce full and a lot of times they have to pick up the slack in the work load which changes their focus from an administrative, training, mentoring focus to a work horse one.
Governments moving towards holding supervisors more accountable for the workers they supervise is a good thing but in the end it is the companies and their executives that are ultimately responsible for ensuring that the supervisors have the resources they need and the budget to carry out the training. Fining a supervisor or having them face jail time because someone below them was seriously hurt or killed is understandable but I don't believe that will necessarily fix the problem. It will just be harder for companies to get a person to be a supervisor which in the end puts more pressure on companies to keep workers safe.
It's sad really.
pender paul
4 years ago
government scraps regulations
The present government in Victoria must take the lion's share of blame in the increasing number of workplace accidents and deaths. It has routinely eliminated any number of regulations that were designed to protect workers. Worksafe BC is but a shadow of its former self. I witnessed the removal of a fire regulation a mere four hours after I made public my intention in using it to grieve an unsafe workplace practice. Boy those guys can move fast if they think it's going to cost them a buck.
alive
4 years ago
reality
Afool2cry.
good observations that you make, let me add that if a worker tends to point out safety hazards, he can also forget about hoping for a promotion!
There is a negative attitude about people "who rock the boat"!
Just be a good little boy and don your safety shoes/glasses/hat etc., and don't you worry about what Johnny is doing over there.
So called safety meetings become unusually quiet when the first suggestion is sidelined; even a lowgrade menial worker gets the drift pretty fast: use this as a paid time to sit down and shut up!
realisticman
4 years ago
Increasing?
The article says that workplace deaths are DOWN. Why all the comments that express differing opinions?
Afool2cry
4 years ago
Increasing?
Realisticman
There is a lot of conflicting information if you take it as first read. Every study I have read focuses on different aspects of the numbers so it makes it hard to compare. As a generalization I do believe that deaths per 100,000 are relatively in check or down, but I don't have reference to that in front of me I apologize.
What is interesting is that when you look at occupational safety at first glance it seems that older workers have more injuries/deaths/disease as a demographic but they are mostly due to things like prolonged exposure to materials, like asbestos for example, or debilitating injuries due to repetition w/bad ergonomics. What is interesting also is that there are more 'serious and life changing' injuries in the younger workers than occupational disease.
When it comes to deaths as a whole in the workplace I do believe that occupational disease gets added in with accidents. I also do believe that young workers have more serious accidents than older more experienced workers.
As a focus for occupational safety I think it is safe to say that there is not much that can be done to change what has already happened with the regards to the older generations and occupational disease/debilitation. What needs to be done, and in some cases it already has, is to put in place safeguards to make sure that future workers are not exposed to the things in the past that have caused occupational disease. I believe however that is the smaller of the two issues. The bigger issue at hand is the increasing number of workplace accidents in young workers. This seems to be the growing segment when it comes to occupational safety. This can only come through proper training and following the regulations set in place. This is where we as a society fall extremely short. Now don't get me wrong there are yahoos that get the training and choose to ignore it, but I do believe that is a small percentage of the bigger problem.
Just another two cents worth ...
realisticman
4 years ago
Well spent
I'd say there's much value in your two cents worth Afool2cry. Cheers.
zalm
4 years ago
31% of all worker deaths...
...related to asbestos? I wonder what that means?
Most workers with asbestosis or mesothelioma are off work on disability, or are retired - ie not working. Isn't that skewing the results a bit? I can think of three acquaintances who died at work - one of a health issue (heart attack?) that likely wasn't work related, one when a pile of lumber fell on him at the mill, and a third by electrocution.
I may yet become one of the statistics. I was still stripping asbestos from pipe lagging to make repairs in the early 1980s, simply because the original research indicated one had to be a smoker in addition to working with asbestos in order to get the disease. My employer had rules about stripping asbestos, but they were too onerous to follow, and every time it was done, my chief engineer just shook his head "you can't teach these young pups ANYTHING!" but nothing further was said, indicating tacit agreement with my headstrong ways.
Now, of course, I realize that I'm fine to put myself at risk if I want, but others who worked in the space after I was finished were as likely to be injured by my thoughtlessness as I was. So I haven't done that in more than twenty years, but it's probably too late for us.
Mind you, out of the roughly four hundred steam engineers I've known in my career, not one has died of asbestosis or mesothelioma, nor has it now. It would be big news, the way a single engineer at Cominco's Trail smelter also got thallium poisoning during the shutdown in 2001 years ago.
I'd love to see some facts on this. More nurses have died of violence in the workplace in BC in the last ten years (6) than workers I've personally known.
Can't google anything right now that's a propos, but here's an interesting link that says something different. I think.
http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/44/128.html
As R.H. Heinlein had one of his characters say so many years ago "Statistics are sharp things - don't juggle them or you'll get cut."
zalm
4 years ago
Regulations
I agree with Pender Paul that WCB can move quickly to avoid penalizing someone, but in fairness, I've seen a remarkable number of changes in standards and regulations in the last ten years that are far too great to keep up with.
Fire protection, governed by the NFPA codes, changes every single year, and there's a book of more than 100 pages that comes out with changes in April every year. not to mention the wholesale rewriting of codes to simplify accumulated changes in prior years. There are more than 140 separate codes for fire protection in residences and at worksites - that's 140 manuals, people - so it's no surprise that you simply can't keep up unless you're a registered professional engineer specializing in fire protection.
Building air quality is another, and one with a lot of variability. ASHRAE puts out one new book every year on a four-year rotating basis, one dealing with research, one with equipment, one with codes and the fourth with fundamentals. So every four years, there's a whole different set of codes. It's my own field, and it's remarkably difficult to keep up, never mind submitting letters and voting on recommendations, most of which are second only to guesswork. And CSA takes note and implements them for the Canadian workplace almost wholesale. Almost but not quite, so you have to study them.
Radiation safety is obscene. Hospital radiation safety officers have to requalify on certain parts of the courses every single year, and they are almost always out of date as soon as they pass. Theirs is far worse than any - I don't know how much paper is generated in their work, but every year my acquaintance carries around a 4" binder of changes - changes only! not codes - that she has to study for.
I don't blame WCB for not knowing all about every aspect of workplace safety, nor Pender Paul for relying on one aspect of it, only to find it had been changed in a matter of minutes. I don't believe it's a devious thing - merely a matter of someone in charge not keeping up with their subject material.