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Secret Energy Plan: Will Campbell Top Schwarzenegger?

BC pushed to match California global warming targets.

By Tom Barrett, 9 Jan 2007, TheTyee.ca

Arnold Schwarzenegger

'The Governator' raises the bar

Environmentalists are hoping that Premier Gordon Campbell can measure up to a certain former action hero when it comes to fighting climate change.

Climate change campaigners say they've been hearing rumours out of Victoria that the Campbell government intends to announce action on greenhouse gas emissions soon.

Their hopes were raised by a year-end interview with Jeff Rud of the Times-Colonist in which Campbell said B.C. needs to be a leader on climate change. A forthcoming update of the government's energy plan will "deal directly" with the issue, Campbell said.

"I think there's probably a lot of people who are hoping it's going to [contain] some greenhouse gas targets," says Lisa Matthaus, campaigns director for the Sierra Club of B.C. "As good as, if not better than, California has."

Environmental groups see the California standards, signed into law by Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger last fall, as the standard for other jurisdictions to meet. The California Global Warming Solutions Act aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 25 per cent by 2020 through market-based mechanisms.

Big shift in public opinion

Late last year, the Environmental Law Clinic at the University of Victoria drafted model legislation for B.C. based on the Schwarzenegger standards.

Like an increasing number of Canadian politicians, The Governator has sensed the public mood for action on climate change. Whether it's our recent weird weather or news stories about threatened polar bears, the environment in general and climate change in particular are suddenly a hot political issue.

A poll released last week suggests that four out of five British Columbians want provincial legislation with mandatory targets for reducing greenhouse gases. The poll, conducted for the Sierra Legal Defence Fund, also found a distinct appetite for renewable energy and energy conservation.

It's not only polling funded by partisan groups that suggests voters are developing increasingly green attitudes. A recent Decima poll suggests that the environment is on a par with, if not ahead of, the economy as a national issue.

Parties vie for green cred

Liberal leader Stéphane Dion made the environment one of the "three pillars" supporting his leadership campaign platform and has been stressing his record as environment minister in the former Liberal government.

Meanwhile, Prime Minister Stephen Harper shuffled the underperforming Rona Ambrose out of the environment portfolio last week and talked up his own environmental concerns. Green politicians are suddenly the big story.

For the time being at least, politicians want voters to believe they're doing something on the environment.

"I think there was a big shock," says Matt Price, co-ordinator of the Conservation Voters of B.C. "I think that Harper along with everyone else completely missed the fact that a tipping point was underway."

Harper's Conservatives thought they could get away with a "smoke and mirrors" climate change plan, but the voters wouldn't buy it, Price said.

The public's "sustained backlash" against the Conservative Clean Air Act suggests that Canadians have passed the tipping point when it comes to climate change, said Price.

Plan drafted in secret

"I think it's just the steady drumbeat of news from places like the Arctic's melting ice caps, combined with wacky weather that people can see, feel and touch," he said. "And then, I don't think you can discount the Al Gore effect.

"All these things came together in 2006 and totally changed the landscape of global warming...Maybe 2006 was the time when it finally began to hit home."

Which brings us to B.C.'s energy plan update.

B.C.'s current energy plan dates back to late 2002, when the Campbell Liberal government committed B.C. Hydro to buying new power from private sources.

The update process, which began in 2005, wasn't originally expected to include any dramatic announcements. But as voters approached the tipping point on climate change last year, rumours began to circulate that the energy plan update might include caps on greenhouse gas emissions.

Beyond Campbell's comments, however, the government is keeping mum on the update.

It's been drafted in secret, with no public hearings and almost no publicity concerning its possible contents.

No date has been set for its release. An energy ministry spokesman interviewed last week would say only that the update is coming "soon." It was originally scheduled to be released last year, then postponed to mid-January. Now it appears it will be released some time after that.

Nor is the government saying in any detail what's going to be in it.

Enviros optimistic about plan

But environmental groups, which have been talking in a general way about the update with government officials, are hopeful.

"I think there's probably going to be some things we'll like," says Karen Campbell, staff counsel for the Pembina Institute. "Whether we'll like them more than the things we don't like..."

However, Campbell said she is optimistic that the delay in the release of the update means that the government is responding to rising public concern over climate change.

Like Campbell, Matt Price of the Conservation Voters said that California has set the standard for B.C. to meet.

"California has set the bar now and anything other than what they've done is a missed opportunity," he said.

Ian Bruce, climate change specialist with the David Suzuki Foundation, said B.C. emissions limits similar to those in California would be "ideal."

The Suzuki Foundation is looking for targets and timelines to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, Bruce said.

"British Columbia is one of the provinces that has felt the full effects of climate change over the past few years with the mountain pine beetle as well as increases in flooding events and other impacts."

Coal fired plants 'wrong direction'

Given this province's experiences with climate change, the Campbell government should be a leader in addressing the problem, Bruce said.

Instead, "since 1990, greenhouse gas emissions in the province have increased -- skyrocketed -- 30 per cent with a five-point increase in that gain in the last year alone," he said.

"We're headed in completely the wrong direction and we need some significant policies to go in place."

Lisa Matthaus, of the Sierra Club, agreed that B.C. has had a poor record on this issue in recent years.

Last year, Hydro approved two coal-fired generation projects, one in Princeton and one in Tumbler Ridge. Several others may be on the horizon.

The coal-fired plants were "a step in the wrong direction," Matthaus said, adding that she's hoping the energy plan update acknowledges this.

"Not just, 'OK, we made a mistake. No more coal-fired power plants.' But actually cancelling those first two."

Cancelled. As in terminated.

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33  Comments:

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  • maestro

    5 years ago

    Comments on "Secret Energy Plan: Will Campbell Top Schwarze

    Around around the mulberry bush the monkey chased the weasel....

    Thee is no known cure for this poli-enviro fad. Desperate politicians create desperate times so they can use ??? measures.

  • RickW

    5 years ago

    Wow! Campbell is following Arnie's lead? The maybe he will be interested in this:
    http://www.nytimes.com:80/2007/01/09/us/09calif.html?ex=1169010000&en=bc66ad7a2e859b1b&ei=5070&emc=eta1
    Stick THAT in your pipe and smoke it, Fraser Institute!

  • Grumpy

    5 years ago

    I hate to say it, but if Campbell was really serious in cutting greenhouse emmissions and car pollution, then he should immediately reject metro construction in favour of modern LRT. He should also mandate that not LRT project should exceed $25 million/km. except for bridge construction. Only then, will the GVRD get a 'rail' transit network that will attract the motorist from the car.

    As it stands now, we have built $5 billion of metro but there has not been noticable modal shift from car to transit. Ridership increses have only come with population increases! Hence the density myth.

    for the cost of RAV, we could have built LRT from downtown Vancouver to Steveston & the Airport; From BCIT to UBC, via Broadway and a basic LRT service from Downtown Vancouver to Chilliwack.

    But no, the metro lobby (read auto & roads lobby) want elevated or underground 'rapid transit', even though it has not proven to attract the motorist from the car.

    Nope, things will not change here, metro for ever is the mantra of the GVRD, TransLink; the NDP; and the Liberals and their friends. Sadly, Vancouver is unique with their metro only construction.

  • Grumpy

    5 years ago

    Oh by the way, did anyone here know that Calgary's LRT is powered from wind turbines! with the weather here, maybe we should consider wind turbines for every home!

  • Logjam 603

    5 years ago

    "Oh by the way, did anyone here know that Calgary's LRT is powered from wind turbines! with the weather here, maybe we should consider wind turbines for every home!"

    GREAT NEWS !!

    On those calm days all the commuters can get some exercise by walking

  • bc4me

    5 years ago

    BC could and should be leading the world in the generation and develolpment of tidal-current energy technology. Tidal current (NOT tidal dams) is renewable, emission-free, 100% firm (i.e. predictable) and abundant in several locations nearby to the grid. In fact, our Canadian marine and estuarine coastline provides hundreds and likely thousands of excellent sites to provide micro and macro, non-polluting tidal energy, for remote sites and major grid plug-ins.

    Hydro and BC politicos (Liberals and NDippers) know all about tidal and have done next to zilch to seed it here. Four years ago Hydro released its own 'Green Energy report on Tidal Current Energy' in which p 1 of the Exec Sum asserted that tidal current energy, using present day technologies (incipient though they are) could be meeting "up to 40% of Hydro's annual generating capacity" at near-competitive pricing.

    In the UK, government is very serious about seeding tidal to generate jobs and a billion dollar export industry and it is willing to stack subsidies for R&D, siting studies, demonstration costs and long-term price shaping. That's what happens when there's real political will and leadership to advance something. In BC, Hydro falls back on the utterly lame excuse that it is guided by the BCUC that it must provide the cheapest power to customers, at about 4-5 cents/kwh. And so we end up with coal-fired plants and when you check closely you'll see also that taxpayer funded subsidies have been stacked to help our coal, oil and gas industries complete R&D, build roads, offset exploration and develpment, ship to market and write-off pollution mitigation costs and/or habitat 'reclamation'.

    Don't be fooled by more smoke (ahem) and mirrors coming from Gordo unless he's serious about seeding and subsidizing alternatives, to help them gain traction in a thoroughly unblanced playing field, 'er market.
    You can also lobby your MLAs if you live in a coastal community to nest tidal energy. The most promising site by far is alongside Discovery Passage, nearby to the Island's transmission grid.

    Tidal current energy is in its infancy but it has huge promise, worldwide, for emission-free energy, jobs, Kyoto credits, export opps, and an energy future we can all be proud we helped to create.

  • alive

    5 years ago

    Legislation by opinion polls?
    Interesting to see how a politicians standards change as the public opinion change!
    I wonder how the rednecks who elected Campbell feel about this newest change og heart?
    All it tells me is that the puppet has to do whatever it takes to ensure another election victory....like promise anything, we can always delay the implementation for a few years with more commissions etc.
    It never occurs to these people that by changing strategies along the way, they show they can not be trusted?

  • thomas49

    5 years ago

    playing politics

    these two KLOWNS are political opportunists and the EARTH is nothing more than their plaything.

    SENSIBLE ENVIROMENTAL ENERGY and anything that smells like a winning plan will be promised and EVENTUALLY delivered...just be ready to PAY BIGTIME.

    as an aside,do you think these two KLOWNS could get the trains to run on time like UNCLE ADOLF,how about a new peoples wagon ??? or maybe a new AUTOBAHN ???

    Ask ARNIE if he is reading MEIN KAMPF these days ???

  • TyeeModerator

    5 years ago

    Well at least something is getting done about the environment.

    It's taken long enough. I'm grateful for Al Gore's "Inconvenient Truth" video for putting the facts in such sharp relief.

  • Cycling Commuter

    5 years ago

    Wind Energy Storage.

    Quote:
    Grumpy wrote:
    Calgary's LRT is powered from wind turbines!

    Logjam 603 responded:
    On those calm days all the commuters can get some exercise by walking.

    On calm days, Calgary's LRT is powered by sources of electricity other than wind turbines.

    Rain is even more intermittent than wind, but that doesn't stop B.C., Manitoba, Quebec or Newfoundland and Labrador from generating massive amounts of reliable hydro electricity. Intermittent energy sources become reliable energy sources when you feed the energy output into storage systems.

    In B.C., we have lots of hydro dams. When wind turbines are producing power, we can reduce hydro power output and let water build up behind the dams. When there's no wind, hydro output can be increased again. In effect, our hydro dams can act as huge storage batteries for wind power. We already use our hydro dams in a similar way to make money by buying cheap grid power from the U.S. and reducing hydro output during off-peak times then running the dams' generators at full-tilt during peak-pricing times to sell extra power to the U.S. at premium prices. This amounts to Americans paying us lots of money to store their off-peak energy until it's needed during peak hours.

    Wind turbine energy output can also be stored in the form of compressed air in underground caverns. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) has been used in a 110 megawatt facility in Alabama since 1991. See http://www.caes.net/mcintosh.html Detailed plans have been developed for a 2,700 Megawatt CAES facility in Norton, Ohio. See http://www.caes.net/who.html

    A 290 megawatt CAES facility has operated successfully in Huntdorf, Germany since the early 1980s.

    CAES uses excess electricity to run giant air compressors. The compressed air is stored in depleted gas fields, abandoned mines, natural caverns etc. When extra electricity is required, the stored compressed air spins turbine generators that are pretty much the same as natural gas turbine generators.

    Compressed air storage doesn't flood useful farmland or interfere with salmon runs as do hydro dams. There are many locations suitable for compressed air energy storage, but few locations suitable for hydro energy storage.

    Older CAES systems run in Diabatic mode (diabAtic, not diabEtic), which means some efficiency is lost because compressed air heats up and some of that heat energy is lost through the cavern walls. More efficient Adiabatic CAES systems are being developed. These systems extract the heat from compressed air, store the heat separately in an insulated vessel, then add the heat back to the compressed air again before it's used to run turbine generators. This way, heat energy isn't lost through the cavern walls during the storage period. CAES has the storage capacity of pumped hydro, but with lower cost and fewer geographic restrictions. See details at

    http://www.ewi.uni-koeln.de/ewi/content/e266/e283/e3047/EWECPaperFinal2004_ger.pdf

    CAES facilities located near windpower generation sources smooth the electricity output, which reduces the investment required for power transmission lines by reducing peak demands on the distribution system. CAES facilities located near large consumers such as cities and industrial plants also reduce transmission costs for the same reasons. In addition, they provide a reliable local backup energy source when long-distance transmission lines are down due to high winds, ice, equipment failure, etc.

  • Alcibiades

    5 years ago

    CAES

    Doesn't Diabatic mode generation require a gas fired (or some other heat generating mode) turbine in the generating cylce?

  • SharingIsGood

    5 years ago

    Energy generation and private companies

    It seems we citizens have an abundance of ways for generating electricity. What we now need is citizenry with the personal energy to develop these resources privately and offer them to homeowners on a sliding scale. BC citizens can thus circumvent the government's selling off of our resources to foreign investors. The heck with BC Hydro's monopoly on power. BC Hydro is no longer really ours and it no longer deserves to have a monopoly on power transmission and production. The BC government does not own the sun, nor do they own the wind nor the tides. These are natural phenomena and the energy found in these sources cannot be stopped by a government-declared monopoly, especially when that government seems to have sold its citizens out to private generation and transmission concerns. It is time the citizens take control of British Columbia and make it truly democratic.

    I'll invest, if someone here wants to start a non-polluting power generating company that sells its product on a sliding scale based upon a person's income statement and balance sheet.

  • jimmy_laroux

    5 years ago

    private companies

    SharingIsGood

    Quote:
    The heck with BC Hydro's monopoly on power.

    We have such cheap power precisely because BC Hydro is a monopoly.

    Quote:
    BC Hydro is no longer really ours...

    It's not if we let it be taken.

    Quote:
    The BC government does not own the sun, nor do they own the wind nor the tides.

    Making these resources private will mean that the citizens of BC will have *less* control over the resources in their province.

    So rather than BC citizens collectively owning these resources, you'd rather they be in private hands?

    Quote:
    government seems to have sold its citizens out to private generation and transmission concerns.

    You appear to be concerned by this, but just above you say that wee should allow private interests to "develop these resources privately..." You are contradicting yourself.

    Quote:
    It is time the citizens take control of British Columbia and make it truly democratic.

  • Bailey

    5 years ago

    Mr Campbell passed a law forbidding

    BC Hydro was a non-polluting power generation company with a sliding scale of fees, SharingIsGood. Mr Campbell passed a law forbidding them to generate ANY new power.

    Tidal run would be good, but expensive to build and maintain. Wind would be better. The biggest cost would be towers and transmission lines to the grid, except Hydro already has thousands of existing towers right on the grid; the ones that hold the grid up off the ground.

    All the infrastructure already in place, spread out to nicely avoid lulls in service due to local lulls in wind. A windmill on every suitable transmission tower would be hugely profitible, cheap and abundant power.

    However, Mr Campbell passed this law...

  • Fiat lux

    5 years ago

    Believing Campbell ??

    The question really is, who believes anything Mr.Campbell says, what are the escape clauses his corporate owners will insist on, and does he even understand his own words ?

    Ed Deak.

  • SharingIsGood

    5 years ago

    very small scale transmission

    Jimmy Laroux,
    You are entirely right with everything you have said about what I wrote. However, I was dreaming about very small enterprises. I was dreaming more about neighbourhood enterprises, probably not what you would find in Vancouver (because I don't live there), but what you might on the Islands or in the Interior.

    Bailey, This is the first time I ever heard about planting generators on existing transmission towers. What genius! Is it being done anywhere?

    Fiat Lux, You have come to the point I was attempting to make without actually just saying it. With the privatisation of BC Hydro and the probable escape clauses that I have not seen, I am afraid that the only way to get things moving back to the people of the province is for us to take it back over. If we have to use privatisation to make that happen, then perhaps we can set up non-profit corporations that can provide electricity for those whose resources have been sold out from under them. Perhaps we can use the capitalist system to undo the capitalist goals of procuring/stealing unnecessary wealth from the labours of others.

  • Fiat lux

    5 years ago

    Privatization won't work,

    Privatization won't work, because sooner, or later, those non profit corporations will be picked up by the corporate mafia and turned into the usual exploiters.

    There's nothing to stop them and under NAFTA etc, rules, if they are restricted to local ownership and cut prices, the governments can be sued for huge amounts, for lost profits in almost perpetuity, as "trade distortions".

    This is what the oncoming GATS will be about and then it is goodbye to any local ownership and control.

    Another point is the TILMA treaty Campbell signed with Alberta. If Alberta won't agree, Campbell can take his clean air energy plan and shove it, which he knows very well, but plays the environmentalist to pacify people

    All these treaties are designed to remove any public control from anything and open them up for multinational takeovers and enslavement.

    Remember what Gaglardi said: "Pollution is the sweet smell of money".

    Ed Deak.

  • RickW

    5 years ago

    Think small.

    SharingIsGood:
    You can't fight corporate power with corporate power. But corporations like to thnk large, like to think centralization, like to think monopoly. So you have to think small, think generating your own electricity, think private water supply, think self-sufficiency. Wherever possible, however possible, whenever possible...just don't let yourself get tied to the man, 'cause the man is out to get ya.

  • Fiat lux

    5 years ago

    I've been preaching and

    I've been preaching and practicing self sufficiency from the personal to the national level since I can remember and can prove it.

    I know it works, because we've been and are doing it. This is why we're the biggest enemies of the globalized market economy racket, who are out to ruin every facet of self sufficiency, depopulate the countryside and jam everybody into cities.

    But this is not an easy way and this is how and why the collectivizers can pick up the crumbs at first, then mould them into weapons of colonization.

    Ed Deak.

  • thomas49

    5 years ago

    Quote: This is why we're the

    Quote:
    This is why we're the biggest enemies of the globalized market economy racket, who are out to ruin every facet of self sufficiency, depopulate the countryside and jam everybody into cities.

    sort of like,jamming slaves in the hold of a ship to utilize their energies to running the vessel and discarding the bodies as the vessel gathers speed and chews up the populace in the goal of satisfying the FEW.

    OH YEAH !!!for the good of the many...you get to be part of THE MACHINE.

  • lynn

    5 years ago

    Whatever it takes

    Gordo, like Arnie, will both straddle as many political positions as it takes... or ultimately use any ploy deemed necessary for their own narcissistic benefit.

    This is all about Gordo's own personal dream of pole-vaulting himself onto the Olympic stage...and assuring his position there "front and center" in 2010.

    If you think this is anything about environmental legislation that comes replete with the all-important details you just haven't been paying attention the last six years.

  • skeptikool

    5 years ago

    I'm not without hope. Should

    I'm not without hope. Should GM's proposed Volt electric car reach fruition and be, at the same time, affordable to many, it will surely increase the demand for more cleanly-produced electrical power.

    Although no doubt pressured by the alternatives being offered motorists by Asian manufacturers, I believe GM is serious about this one and, despite possible motivation, is less concerned with PR games.

    The most exciting aspect of this "plug-in" vehicle, to me, is that for those with a 40-kilometre commute or less, the batterries alone will suffice. This, plus the gouging at thge gas pumps, should increase the demand for this EV.

  • SharingIsGood

    5 years ago

    EVs and neighbourhood generating stations

    I agree with Skeptikool that GM wants to win with its electric car.

    I also believe that we can beat the move toward globalisation if neighbours band together in clusters to build their own power generating systems. In this way costs and labour can be defrayed. I believe that economy of scale can be factored in for a cluster of homeowners willing to share resources. When battery systems for the "cluster" are fully charged by wind solar and/or tidal means, then the excess could go towards charging the electric vehicles. Certainly back-ups would be necessary in times of cloud with no wind, but this idea is very feasible with clusters of houses using DC power. If I were still in the building business, I would build a "green" subdivision that generates its own electricity. The technology is available for energy savings as well as energy generation.

  • skeptikool

    5 years ago

    SharingJsGood, There is so

    SharingJsGood,

    There is so much potential if the will is there. Caught an interesting interview yesterday on CBC radio-690am, airing out of Calgary, on Drake's Landing, a solar community.

    I think you, and others, willl find it of great interest:

    http://www.dlsc.ca/

  • DJT

    5 years ago

    Whatever it takes

    Lynn is right when she says "Gordo, like Arnie, will both [sic] straddle as many political positions as it takes". What else? Straddling comes naturally to Gordo as he does it to the citizens of BC on a regular basis. Don't drop the soap.

  • doggone

    5 years ago

    Alternate power

    Tidal power is awesome. I have used it to put massive logs on floats, correct "hogged" wooden boat hulls and get things to move this way or that in the local channels.

    The main structural problem is: corrosion of moving parts over the long term. Another problem would also show up immediately: damage (to any generator) due to severe weather and driftwood.

    However: This force is not just renewable and free of pollution, it is completely dependable and unstoppable. (as long as the earth rotates and the moon orbits).

    I have some ideas regarding the minimization of the corrosion and placing generators in sheltered areas would cut down on storm damage.

    Not up to speed on what the Brits or other interested parties are up to but I'm interested

  • Bailey

    5 years ago

    Hydraulic lifters for maintenance

    doggone; The system design I've seen proposed for fjordish flows involved two elements.

    First, the turbines and blades are protected from debris and large animals are protected from them by movable barriers like submarine nets that don't slow the flow.

    Second, all the generators are mounted on extendable hydraulic rams, so they can be raised and lowered to facilitate repairs and to position them to maximum advantage.

  • doggone

    5 years ago

    Tides

    Bailey:
    There is no need for turbines and such:
    The water level rises and falls. Don't need Hydraulics cause the ocean is providing the floatation.

    I'd tell you more but some Swedish engineers just took an interest

  • doggone

    5 years ago

    doggone

    Looking back over comments the idea of compressed air storage might fit well with harnessing tidal power: Every pilingcould be a compressor as the tide rose and it does not seem impossible to use the weight of the floats around the piling to compress air on their way down on a falling tide.

    That's the idea - hopefully someone with more time than I have can take it to the bank. The first one is always free

  • doggone

    5 years ago

    Lets see

    I like the articles where I check and I'm the last post 21 hours ago: I think it allows me time to come up with something I enjoy (and possibly troll up a reaction).

    Wouldn't it be nice if Cambell "Topped" Andy? I have my doubts!

    Not only that, I'm sure that my 1987 F-150 would be taken off the road immediately and my leaky old house would be declared a biohazard (only partly due to the wood heat).

    I'm not really worried that BC will challenge California with enforcement of Environmental laws - I simply don't see this happening.

    Who knows? Gordon is a closet environmental enthusiast? Not the way I see him but I will be pleasantly surprised, saw the engine compartment out of the old ford and find an horse to harness.

    Come to think of it: Island Highways are lacking a feature of most thoroughfares on the planet: animals (including humans) dragging rolling stock along the slow lane

  • doggone

    5 years ago

    ontario Weather Men

    We have the Weatherman in Ontario dissing drivers and politicos just now: They should be better adjusted for a bit of winter.

    I have to agree with the weatherman and I expect this is only the beginning

  • wiley

    5 years ago

    Dream On

    The current BC government is now hopelessly strung out on oil and gas royalties as much as any junkie. This industry is now the largest producer of govt. revenue in the province, a cash cow that eclipses forestry and fisheries combined.

    Cops usually think that going after the organized crime dealers is more important than the casual users. Does this theory apply here? If you consider every barrel or cubic meter pumped out of the ground as a major contributer to CO2 pollution somewhere on planet Earth, then there's little hope that anything Scramble Campbell could do short of passing a new law that seals it all underground forever would make him look better than the topheavy Action Hero down south.

    Add to this the new coal-fired electrical plants, the olympian tarmac projects, and a truly horrific trackrecord of overcutting globally-significant old growth rainforests (massive carbon sinks) under a bogus policy of "sustained yield", and well...the Green Dream quickly fades to brown.

  • o.r.slave

    5 years ago

    Clean energy

    Instead of building huge power plants to generate energy, maybe one should think small on a large scale.
    Why not put solar panels on each residence?
    What would a few hundred thousand panels generate?

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