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Here Comes the 'Propaganda Novel'
Product placement taken to a new literary level.
Since writers enjoy moaning about the lack of respect they get, not to mention the lack of cash, I'm not sure they'll appreciate the first hint of a literary trend with the potential to earn serious money: the propaganda novel.
But anyone in corporate marketing is bound to feel that frisson that comes with the first glimpse of an inventive new way to manipulate the masses.
I'm calling it the propaganda novel, for the lack of a catchier term (which will no doubt surface). Of course, it's true that all novels (and I would argue all art) are propaganda in the original sense of the word, in that they direct audiences to see the world through the artist's eyes. Charles Dickens seduced us into that annual shopping festival, Christmas. William Gibson spelled out just why corporations are so darn scary. And the Brontes have a lot to answer for in convincing young women that angry, abusive bad-boys are sexier than nice guys.
But I'm talking about a new kind of novel that will serve as propaganda in the more commonly understood definition of the word: an organized program of publicity and (often mis- or dis-) information.
Global warming 'conspiracy'
You can see the roots of this trend in this year's winner of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists" Journalism Award. It went to doctor-turned-pulp-writer Michael Crichton (of Jurassic Park an ER fame) for his novel State of Fear. The thriller dismisses global warming as nothing more than a conspiracy among scientists with a self-serving agenda, so you can see why it might prove a favourite page-turner in the oil industry.
In explaining to the New York Times why the association was giving a "journalism" award for a work of fiction, Communications Director Larry Nation said "But it has the absolute ring of truth."
Leaving aside the possibility that Nation studied journalism with Jayson Blair or Stephen Glass, he's obviously hit on the next great mind control technique - the booster book.
Think of it as product placement with a more ambitious goal.
PR, advertising, marketing, promotions, corporate communication, whatever you call it, is at a crossroads.
Everyone knows they're lying. And everyone agrees that the conventional ad is dead. VCRs killed TV's 30-spot the day they allowed viewers to time shift and FF past commercials. Talk about an F-ing problem.
Initial solutions, like making more entertaining commercials, failed. Gap ads featuring dancers doing the Lindy hop to catchy tunes prompted most of us to watch - but it didn't make people buy T-shirts or whatever else they were selling.
Magical products
All of which leads us to the current explosion of advertising invading the story. Last month, Nielsen Media research reported that "product integration" - when a consumer gizmo has an active role in the plot -- has jumped 30 percent since they began tracking such things three years ago.
Product placement isn't new. Ever since ET found out that humans weren't all that bad via a trail of Reese's Pieces in 1982, filmmakers have padded their budgets by incorporating products into sets on a pay-per-view basis.
But until recently, product placement has been handled as simply as having American Idol judges drinking whatever it is they need to out of Coke cups to get themselves through those god-awful shows. (Do any of us, for one moment, think it is Coca-Cola? As if they're not suffering enough.)
The new trend is to weave advertising into the story by having products drive the plot. And no show is more successful at this than 24. In January's fifth season debut, patriot-and-psychopath Jack Bauer snapped photos of the terrorists he was spying on using his Sprint Treo 650.
Thanks to the magnificent clarity of the phone photos, the terrorists were identified and the crisis averted. This magical phone was even "reconfigured" by the CTU computer geeks to trigger the bomb strapped to a terrorist. (Go military industrial complex!)
I'd bet money that frequent fliers across the U.S. are planning to switch to this phone.
Toyota even paid to have some scenes in earlier seasons re-shot for the DVD so that the good guys could drive their cars. (I've been meaning to go back and see what the bad guys are driving. Do they make Ladas anymore? In any case, isn't a Chechen terrorist who drives a Lada more pathetic than scary? And what if it's an American car, could that dealer sue? You know those lawsuit-happy Americans.)
Brave new tactics
Gary Newman, president of 20th Century Fox, which produces 24, told the LA Times that the show's brave new approach developed because the old advertising formulas aren't working anymore.
"We're living in a crazy new world," Newman said. "We have to be smart and find new ways to monetize the value of our programs."
Well, he's got the first part right.
And writers can curse the insanity of advertising replacing plot or unemployed creative writing grads can embrace it as the fine opportunity it is. To make products more than just props takes real planning of the kind novelists are most likely to do. That's one of the reasons books, which are carefully crafted by one person, are so often made into films, although everyone agrees the film (made by a committee of suits) is never as good as the book.
So I'm about to contact the Association of Petroleum Geologists, and hosts of other industries with dubious reputations, and sell them on my plan to redirect PR and advertising funds into author-sponsorship programs. Corporations and associations have always bought good will with arts grants, and this will be no different - except that they'll get more bang for their tax-deductible buck.
According to Hollywood, moguls prices for product plugs range all over the map. The cut-rate "subliminal" advertising that doesn't emphasize the product's name goes for about $100,000 a prop. The rule of thumb is that prices are hooked to the amount of control the advertiser gets.
Cheap fictions
Books are much cheaper to produce than film or television and sponsorship costs would be much more affordable for those easy-to-bully fiction writers. That $100,000 for a cheap-y placement would keep an author quite comfortably for a year spent writing the persuasive commercial novel. Once the draft of the novel is up, the author could pad her budget by selling all the product placement possibilities - the 3Ps.
Our geologist heroes are going to need good computers, phones, hi-tech wilderness gear, Hummers, etc. There will be a bonus cost for advertisers who want to ensure their product is featured in any subsequent media - say a movie.
So to get the local PR weasels thinking, I'm developing a few story ideas that lend themselves well to romances, mysteries, or other types of genre fiction.
For the forest industry client: a romance novel in which a beautiful, committed environmentalist falls in love with a logger. They clash at first, but soon she learns that people working in the forest industry are the true environmentalists as they live on and care for the land. The so-called environmentalists, she discovers, are just a bunch of urban poseurs with ignorant ideas and rigid Puritanical attitudes. Her outdoorsman's passionate nature teaches her to appreciate why it's best to fall the big trees. I envision a love scene set against the seductive light of a burning clearcut.
For the environmentalist client: a romance novel in which a beautiful, committed forester falls in love with an environmentalist. At first they clash, but she soon learns that her forestry degree is a collection of half-truths and the suits who run the business are little more than greedy criminals bent on exploiting everyone and everything for personal gain. Meanwhile her environmentalist teaches her about the erotic possibilities of flannel and carabiners…
I'm also making notes for a mystery in which an intrepid journalist finally snaps and murders the publisher of his paper because he's been sent to write one fawning story too many on yet another advertiser. It will probably have limited PR appeal, unless I sell it as a how-to for the perfect crime… Say, maybe the journalists' unions would sponsor it?
Vancouver writer Shannon Rupp is a regular contributor to The Tyee.




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squishy
6 years ago
Comments on "Here Comes the 'Propaganda Novel'"
....must....mistrust.....corporations....damn you and your subliminal advertising, Tyee.... :-)
Colin
6 years ago
Hmmm, I wonder if it will make the Oprah book club?
Yammer
6 years ago
All novels contain values and assumptions and are therefore propagandistic, and all novels are sold for a fee and therefore mercantile.
It's fine to dismiss Crichton's views on global warming. After all, he is not an expert, only a medical doctor, writer, and director.
I'm less sanguine at the implied exhortation that we automatically join in the jeering. Why, that gives the impression that petrochemical global warming is a belief system, an orthodoxy, rather than a scientific theory and therefore subject to rational skepticism.
As for product placements, they certainly are obtrusive, but can occasionally be defended on grounds of verisimilitude and/or sound characterization. What is James Bond without his Morlands cigarettes, Saville Row suits, Rolex Oyster Perpetual, and Walther PPK? (The tendency of Ian Fleming to cite specific brands was derided by critics in the Fifties; earlier product placements in fiction probably do exist.) It would be like taking away his misogyny and antisemitism.
Finally, I'm not as alarmed as much as impressed by Rupp's concoction of fiction for specific audiences. This seems like canny pitching.
nightbloom
6 years ago
Luv those last three paragraphs, Shannon.
The decline of narrative into formulaic commercially invested apology has become so transparent.
The novel has definitely seen better days. I was an avid consumer of "the classics" all thru my teens & tweens, but I think the last "new" release that was able to command my rapt attention was Eco's The Name of the Rose. After a short-lived flirtation with escapism, it's been a steady diet of well-crafted non-fiction and assorted academic writing ever since.
Rob Cottingham
6 years ago
This actually may go further than just Michael Crichton giving cheer to the what-global-warming? crowd. Last October, I blogged an effort by the pharmaceutical industry to actively create an alarmist novel about the threat posed by cheap Canadian drugs, as part of their communications strategy:
speedo
6 years ago
Urrgh, your story ideas sound Randian: sexy heiress reinvents herself as a sexy rationalist-objectivist socialite after she meets an architect, soldier or steel magnate who has commandeered the airwaves to deliver a stirring soliloquy to the unappreciative parasites, also known as the rest of us.
Anyhoo, all prose is pitching something. Whether it's persuading us to care about white whales, knights errant or some guy on a cross, it's good prose if it engages us, not if it succeeds in converting us.
nightbloom
6 years ago
Thanks Rob - this is an interesting trend, and not quite the "renaissance of the novel" we've been waiting for...
As the article demonstrated at the end, these things will be easy to parody, perhaps giving rise to a whole new & cynical genre. Unfortunately, any counter-measures in print form will have limited appeal relative to the pulp marketing which this hybrid lit-as-advertising mutation represents. For example, Douglas Coupland's GenX and GenY ciphers appealed to a common and emotion-based sense of generational dysphoria that still lingers, but his more oblique anti-consumerist subtext and ironic humour was simply noted in passing & didn't stay with us.
In my opinion, effective response will have to come in the visual, film and performance arts, rather than high-brow text. AdBusters meets Rick Mercer. Quick & brutal de-bunkings Letterman-style, appealing to everyman's vague sense of having been fleeced by elites who syphon public money while advising 2nd graders to spell potato with an e.
grouchomarks
6 years ago
It's interesting that Ian Fleming's James Bond novels were also littered with brand names and references, but those somehow conveyed the acquired elite tastes of Bond and added to the tone of the books. Somewhere along the way that "authentic" touch became corrupted to either ID shorthand (especially in the 1980s writers) or simply crass commercialization.
Louise
6 years ago
It's a pot-boiler, this novel, a real page turner. Right down to the terrorists staging a tsunami, meant to raise fears of global warming.
Tsunami? Global warming? I don't think so!
It's fun, though. And when global warming hits light fiction, you can bet it's in the public conciousness. That's a good thing.
Sharon Butala is the best, in my opinion, if you're looking for real issues within the story.
But for beach reading - hey, a Crichton novel is fun.
Dan Brown is also using science as a basis for page turner novels - also, FICTION, but great fun.
(Isn't product placement what soap operas are all about? In fact modern TV seems like a big infomercial, of sorts, in stark contrast to Jackie Gleason and the honeymooners of long ago.
Stump
6 years ago
Not sure if you actually saw any TV from 'long ago' but product placements and mentions were a part of the early years of television too. Entire programs (esp. variety programs) were sponsored by products and featured prominent endorsements in the program, especially in the U.S.
Rob Cottingham
6 years ago
(Just a quick "whoops, my bad" for that bit of rogue markup up above. I didn't remember the site doesn't accept HTML.)
allan
6 years ago
Sort of suggests the old adage caveat emptor still packs a ton of wisdom, doesn't it?.
But then a novel is a novel and if you are looking for the truth there are very few libraries (that I know of) that shelve that stuff under 'N'.
Yammer
6 years ago
Hey Allan
You don't think fiction holds truths? I think the best fiction lets people in on many truths, if not facts. Like, y'know, Shakespeare, or the Bible.
Colin
6 years ago
I have read Ian Slater, a local novelist, although I find him to Tom Clancist. But it was interesting to see the local area being used as a setting.
dangrice.com
6 years ago
Damn it, I think I gave up on Chrichton after reading Congo, but you got to love this author's science. Due to the Chaos theory, man can raise dinosaurs, but can't effect the atmosphere. Anyways, didn't and probably won't ever read this book. But wait for the sequel where we find Ralph Kline funding Al Qaeda, inorder to bring oil prices high enough to milk the oild sands.. you know its coming.
But alas, there is the flip side. This may actually come true. We all know fiction feeds reality, and there are people fanatical enough to pick up on an interesting idea. Take Tom Clancy's Debt of Honour, whose plot line (well, either that or Star Wars), Osama ripped off for his 9/11 stunt. I mean, the maniacs are usually too dumb to think of these ideas, but toss a few well paid authors in there and they can design the next apocalypse.
charlesdemers
6 years ago
Good article. I was very sad when product placement went crazy on The Sopranos, though the show is still magnificent. Still, who could believe that real Italians would drink Dunkin Donuts coffee?
It occurs to me that when Douglas Coupland referred to things by their brand names, people tended to think of it more as a Gen-X literary device than product placement (though, to be fair, no one left Microserfs *wanting* to eat Captain Crunch).
Also, though I'm sure it was meant facetiously, I think that Dickens's view of Christmas runs fairly contrary to the "annual shopping festival."
eternalux (not verified)
6 years ago
I agree that Crichton's novel is propaganda but can anyone point me to some criticism that refutes the science?
eternalux (not verified)
6 years ago
Oh...and as an Italian who lived back East in the States for a while, Dunkin' Donuts coffee, believe it or not, is the working class coffee that everyone drinks.
neocon
6 years ago
If you have ever read Crichton's "Environmentalism as Religion" speech, you'd understand his motive behind the novel.
From TCS Daily:
"Great storytelling has been a vehicle for education throughout the history of humanity, and, in our times of increasing scientific illiteracy, State of Fear may be a particularly appropriate way to expose common people to the scientific problems that plague the arguments supporting greenhouse gas regulations."
'nuff said.
ps product placement is not propaganda; it is marketing.
O'Reilly
6 years ago
I find it odd how cynical we are in this society. In the face of overwhelming scientific consensus, including from leading science academies and journals, as well as mountains of empirical evidence and observation - from glaciers melting at record speeds, to worldwide increases in extreme unpredictable weather and associated disasters - we still find it amusing to cynically embrace the notion of legitimate debate on the issue with blatant corporate propagandists...
The first time the alarm was raised on climate change I think was in the 80's. Since then no meaningful action has been taken, and the token Kyoto protocol, deemed to be the MINIMUM effort needed to reduce the impact of climate change, has been completely ignored by the US and only used as political propaganda by countries such as Canada.
So as a species we have failed to do anything to prevent what could be the biggest threat to life since the times of nuclear winter, and all in the name of short sightedness, arrogance, greed and narcissism - the driving forces in our societies. Unfortunately it won't be oil execs, corporate whores like Crichton, or cynical and witty first world journalists who suffer the most, but in the end they will be judged the harshest by history.
Shame on us all...
neocon
6 years ago
O'Reilly:
Like I said - junk science - and you believe it. Not shame on us - shame on you.
neocon
6 years ago
O'Reilly:
I take back my last sentence - I appoligize.
I do want to say this though - Michael Crichton has a brilliant mind. You (maybe) and I have not.
neocon
6 years ago
Apologize, I meant - oops
The Pain
6 years ago
What are we? Problems to the solution or solutions to the problem? I'm a big fan of geothermal around the pac rim. Why not invest in human rights? Externalities aside, the true cost of semiconducers in Taiwan fails to include the poor children of Africa. And that's a big country too. Ed Deake, can you do a portrait of me? I think my left hemisphere is best, so I will milk your cows facing rearwards so you can paint me.
Now I have never read any of Crichton's books, but I feel I should make a lengthy and somewhat innaccurate comment. It's what I do. I mean, we all know that many environmental groups stage massive demonstrations of tidal waves and ice sheets breaking apart - it's what they do.
Surely a great mind like Michael Crichton would not mislead vacuous, hardly educated barely-read people like the general american public? To what end? I have discussed the whole global warming question at length with my close personal friend who resides in a cranium, and he tells me it's all a sham, a hoax to pry money from our wallets using guilt. Hey, it's what we do!
Just noting that I was also referring to the next provincial election in this province several years from now, not the federal one coming much sooner, in my last post.
These answers have to be there and campaigned with at all opposing levels starting anytime, its just that simple. And if the answers were already there, then its like I say, a PR game. Opposition has to get the facts out. Websites, media, radio and TV, any way they can to anyone who will listen and take it to the public.
Reorganize. Solidify goals. Prepare for a changing of the guards in the years to come with sound ideology and the PR to sell it to the masses. Boot the bums out on their failed records. Call them on their lies.
And Bush is out to lunch with his pro texan oil corp agenda fed by the Saudi's. Its hard to watch the blatant self interests at the expense of the entire nation, well, the world. Bush won't go down in the history books as a hero, but a warmonger who accelerated global warming and steamrolled the U.S. currency collapse. Hey - it's what I do, er..spew..
BTW - sorry my post is so short everyone, but I've got things to do..I have to bathe my friend the Brain in more LSD solution, feed the salmon some Omega 3 pellets, and post warnings on all the toxic foods at the local supermarket.
dangrice.com
6 years ago
Surely a great mind like Michael Crichton would not mislead vacuous, hardly educated barely-read people like the general american public?
Your wrong on that one. His books aren't usually a light read. They are definately no harlem romance. You nearly need a degree just to understand what he's talking about, as he goes into these long winded discourse. Hi's books aren't as much "science fiction" as "fictional science".
kootowl
6 years ago
And therein lies the danger...it's a shame that Crichton doesn't use his credibility-warranted or not--to spin the counterpoint into speculative fiction.
Concerning the whole pens-for-hire scenario that Rob Cottingham cites: one doesn't know whether to laugh or cry. It's nothing new, I suppose, but it's just so darn blatant. If BigPharma doesn't get its novelist, look for USAmerican networks to run the Canadian Counterfeits! scare program on one of their "investigative journalism" shows, or watch it turn up as a movie-of-the-week: Go Ask Alice 2.
sdgreen
6 years ago
State of Fear is a good read, and well researched by the author.
Could it be true?
Stump
6 years ago
"State of Fear is a good read, and well researched by the author."
So were the James Bond novels by Ian Fleming. And yet, I don't think anyone is inclined to fear evil super-geniuses a la Dr. No, Blofeld, and Max Zorin.
As for needing a degree to understand Crichton... NOT. Have you read "Timeline" I could barely finish that hodge podge of opinion, supposition, and wishful-thinking without undergoing a lobotomy to make it seem believable.