Is Nelson’s World Enough?
Not everyone believes the “creative class” can sustain the Kootenay city, where union jobs and traditional industries are waning.
[Second of two parts: Yesterday: The World Comes to Nelson]
People are moving to Nelson, B.C. because of attractive old buildings, interesting people, a thriving arts scene, and spectacular outdoor sports opportunities. The city’s strength is the emergence of what American author Richard Florida calls the “creative class.” But despite Nelson’s liveability and entrepreneurial culture, it is not an economic powerhouse.
Smart Growth B.C., which promotes socially and environmentally responsible development, rated B.C. cities and towns in its 2004 Sprawl Report. Nelson was the second-most liveable community, based on an assessment of such things as parks, schools, culture, heritage, specialty shops, and water quality. Nelson came fourth in the urban form rating, which values compact communities over sprawling ones. But in terms of economic vitality, including the number of businesses and building permits, employment levels, and dependence on social safety nets, Nelson placed ninth in B.C.
Still, overall, Nelson placed third after Vancouver and Victoria. Smart Growth’s Shane Simpson says Nelson’s combination of arts, culture, heritage, diversity, and “creative class” entrepreneurs is unique in B.C. He says many other communities are starting to think along those lines, and are at the stage Nelson was at in the 1980s. That’s when the city began to restore its heritage streetscapes.
Many businesses, but few jobs
Mike Stolte, a local economic analyst, says that in terms of business licences, Nelson has 2.5 times the national per capita average for a small city. Sandy Gilfillan, President of the Nelson Business Association, says there are close to 400 businesses stretched along a six-block stretch of Baker St, which has no highrises. “When I’ve had to deliver newsletters or promotional material, going up and down the stairs and in the back alleys, sometimes there’ll be two or three businesses in one office.”
But there are very few jobs in Nelson, and the unemployment rate is comparable to cities and towns throughout the province. And the influx of people has driven up housing prices to a level much higher than in neighbouring Castlegar and Trail.
Those who come have often made a bundle elsewhere, and can afford not to work. Or they have brought a portable business. You need to be brave to move to Nelson without a job, hoping to find or create one once you arrive.
Those who don’t succeed at this often move away because of the lack of work. The ones who remain are usually those with an entrepreneurial temperament, resulting in a town full of imaginative self-starters who don’t mind making less than they would in a big city.
They are likely to fold in different measures of life’s rewards. “I can get from the ski hill to my canoe on the lakeshore in half an hour here, and from my house to the bike trails in minutes,” one Nelson resident told me. That outlook is typical. Nelson’s population of 10,000 supports nine sports shops, and most focus on outdoor adventure.
Graphic designer Tara Williams moved to Nelson two years ago with an established set of international clients in her laptop. “You get this very intense vibe in a very small space,” she says, “of people doing what they want to do and having the guts to do it.”
In search of the missing Nelson
Yet not everyone likes this new culture in Nelson, and they don’t think it can sustain itself. Nelson city council has trouble making ends meet because there is no major industrial tax base. There are few high-paying union jobs, and the town is geographically islotated. There are many poor people in Nelson, too, living at or below the poverty line. And the new culture of Nelson has alienated a lot of old-timers. They wonder where their city went.
There is intense debate about future economic development. One side wants to lure industry and big box stores, lobby the provincial government to ease restrictions on the mining and lumber industries, and push for new wilderness tourist resorts.
The other group wants to continue the existing trend, where new residents sacrifice high incomes but bring money, imagination, and entrepreneurship to a town where education, health care, tourism, the arts, and outdoor recreation thrive. Unlike most other cities in B.C., the latter group probably outnumbers the former.
And that group keeps swelling as more people move to Nelson. David Paetkau whose company Wildlife Genetics International analyzes genetic material for wildlife managers across the continent, has no trouble finding qualified employees in Nelson. “There are PhD’s moving to Nelson to wait tables.”
Nelson writer-broadcaster Bill Metcalfe drew on his research for the Kootenay Co-op Radio documentary Live Here Work Everywhere to write these stories for The Tyee. ![]()



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The REAL barking mad fox channel (not verified)
7 years ago
Yes, Bill. It's all very good to say that Nelson has a high density rate according to the sprawl report, but that overlooks a very key consideration, which is the people who live in the regional districts just outside of the actual city boundaries. There is, in fact, a massive sprawl along the lake and highways, a population base which could easily match, if not surpass, the residents of Nelson. I don't live close enough to be affected one way or another, but while these outlying property owners may not pay taxes or receive the services provided by the city, the area's isolated geography could be said to integrate all of them into a single community. Certainly a high percentage of nonresidents depend upon the library, recreation facilities, businesses and other amenities, often paying premium rates well beyond the tax rate for those provided by the Civic government. If Sprawl reports are intended to find ways of improving access and affordability of services to a whole community, then this one misleads. Just an observation ....
Hobie (not verified)
7 years ago
The isolation of Nelson is part of its charm and part of its curse. To really bring in the type of dynamic businesses it deserves, the village needs access to a modern regional airport, supplemented by regular and reliable public and/or private service (air and/or land) to the largest and nearest international airport at Spokane. Aspen, Telluride, Taos, Port Townsend, and similar small towns have been able to prosper by staying linked to the outside world via modern transportation alternatives.
Art Joyce (not verified)
7 years ago
As a historian who wrote two books on the City of Nelson, I have some perspectives to add. Firstly, what has made Nelson succeed where others fail has historically been its ability to adapt creatively. (Lesson One) What many don't know about Nelson's history is that the city and outlying area once had an orchard industry that easily rivalled the Okanagan. This was promoted largely in response to the collapse of silver and other mineral markets that had helped establish Nelson in the first place. When orchards were overrun with blights and pests and began to wane, the lumber industry stepped in. When the mill closed during the early 1980s, an effort was made to capitalize on the city's rich educational sector, through the David Thompson University Centre and a school for visiting Japanese students. DTUC however was the victim of political payback by the Socreds, who choked off funding. And, as former Mayor Gerald Rotering has pointed out, it was the restoration of heritage Baker Street that attracted 2 major film productions during the '80s. Lesson Two: For at least the past 20 years Nelsonites have realized the resource sector is neither sustainable nor desirable as an employment base. Yet a city with one of the most beautiful waterfronts in Western Canada allows a garbage transfer station and industrial warehousing on its lakefront (as if it were the 19th, not the 2st century), when this could be transformed into a vibrant recreational centre with small artisans' shops and cafes. City council has consistently lacked imagination in this regard. Expand the municipal boundaries if you have to so the industrial businesses can be moved to a more discreet location yet still provide tax revenue. And finally, Lesson Three, on the wonderful arts scene in Nelson. Artists have always been--and continue to be--treated as second class citizens here, despite significant contributions to local culture and economy. Nelson business owners are happy to reap the benefits during ArtWalk or Streetfest or other events that bring customers in droves into their restaurants, shops and hotels, yet complain bitterly about any proposal to use tax income to fund arts infrastructure of any kind. This hypocrisy has been an open sore on the city since the '70s. Even when money was spent on an economic impact study to prove what we all knew already about how much money the arts infuse into local economy, business owners still gripe against giving up money to the arts. Any business person worth their RRSP ought to know: no investment, no return. Give a little, get a little.
Chaco (not verified)
7 years ago
Nice two-part story. Will send to relatives back East. May I add that another reason many families move to Nelson, which I find interesting, is because of the Waldorf School. Half the families there, I have heard, moved to Nelson for that school--including our family.
Mike Stolte (not verified)
7 years ago
Well done Bill. I don't think Nelson can sustain itself on its entrepreneurial energy alone. What will be interesting in the next 5 or 10 years or so is if employers start to discover Nelson as a place to get well-qualified labour at below market prices. For example, the genetics company you mentioned finds it easy to get well-qualified biologists at lower-than-big city wages, and, more importantly, to hold on to them (virtually no turnover). Thomas Power, a prominent economist from the University of Montana, states that communities that have such labour distortions (lots of qualified people, or, the ability to attract such qualified people because the quality of life is high) should do well in attracting employers over time. Perhaps it's just a matter of measuring & articulating these facts in a targetted way - i.e. an abundance of geologists, teachers, biologists, etc. - & Nelson will be attracting potential employers to supplement its impressive entrepreneurial set. I, for one, plan to take advantage of the abundance of Nelson talent through the Centre for Innovative & Entrepreneurial Leadership (CIEL) www.theCIEL.com by bringing in contracts from outside the area to Nelson. It remains to be seen whether others take advantage of this current 'market anomaly'. It won't last forever.
steve threndyle (not verified)
7 years ago
and i had the chance to move to nelson in 1987 with a govt job in my pocket BEFORE the real estate boom! well, i stayed in vancouver, and now live in kelowna. interestingly, just this weekend i was up at big white ski resort with a couple of journalists and long time observors of the BC scene, comparing what has gone down in the province in the past 25 years. well, what's gone down are high paying union jobs, the level of government services to remote areas, the access by locals to government land. in fact (and no lefties, these guys) - everyone agreed that wealth was distributed far more equitably in the 'old days' than it is, now. the thing nelson does not have that, say, kelowna does is a little something called 'critical mass.' kelowna is much like nelson - certainly not as artsy, but lots of people here for lifestyle reasons. they've cashed out after years in toronto, seattle, or vancouver, and are now here with buckets of cash and lots of time. at the end of the day, they are a lot more likely to succeed in whatever business endeavour they provide than someone slugging it out with a Ph.D and getting sporadic work in his/her own field. kelowna's airport is now the tenth busiest in canada, and adding more flights each week. however, if you were laid off from either Telus or Western Star Trucking, chances are you'll have to work three jobs to ever make that wage up again.
plg (not verified)
7 years ago
I like Art Joyce's comments and recommendations for Nelson's lakefront. Whistler was granted several hundred acres to its borders by the BC Liberals recently. Perhaps the Liberal MLA for the area could put that in his pre-election Santa bag for the city of Nelson.
allan (not verified)
7 years ago
plg, I think you are simply out of luck on your wish. As you should already realize with the reduced medical facilities in Nelson, Trail is the favoured place in the West Kooteneys as far as pork-barrelling, oops, I mean gifts from Santa's bag of Liberal goodies.
DaveF (not verified)
7 years ago
I love Nelson and would love to live in town.Gordys made a mess.But how would you like the lower mainland madness...but income and expenses are making your town a option.Dogeat dog!!!Be happy you really have a good thing.