Opinion

Santa Wasn't Born Bad

Society made him that way. Look what the Churches, the Victorians and corporations did to a fun little pagan winter fest.

By Shannon Rupp, 12 Dec 2003, TheTyee.ca

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Illustration by Darcy Paterson

While making my annual pilgrimage for slingshot ammo, I came across a little boy, nose pressed to a toy store window, fantasizing about the long list of gifts that would be his come Christmas.

"It's Jesus' birthday, NOT YOURS!" snapped his mother, as she yanked him away from the store.

Together this madonna and child were the perfect image of the contemporary Christmas, in all its dishonest glory. Her, the clueless victim of some dark age monks with a flair for propaganda; him, the pawn of some marketing-savvy Victorians bent on finding more buyers for all those industrial revolution goodies.

Confessions of a Christmas sniper

I was thinking about how this holiday has always been tarted-up to hide a more sinister agenda, as I trained my now amply loaded weapon at the garish light display on my neighbour's balcony.

Between the fourth and sixth centuries, early Christians realized that their faith wasn't achieving what sales folk refer to as "penetration." In short, pagans weren't converting, probably because those nature religions were one big party. Boinking in the fields, dancing naked around bonfires, feasting -- who's going to give that up for fasting and hair shirts?

So, with a communications plan that would have impressed Noam Chomsky, some wily monks started recruiting a flock by giving the big winter festivals Christian significance. They set about replacing those celebrations of the sun -- Winter Solstice, Saturnalia, and the Feast of Mithras (a sun god who was hot in the Roman world) -- with celebrations of the Son. Jesus' birthday, which had been of little concern for the first few hundred years, was suddenly determined to be December 25 -- not coincidentally, the same day as Mithra's feast.

Somehow the priests managed to gloss over those biblical allusions to Jesus being born while shepherds were tending their flocks at night -- a pretty strong hint of a spring birth -- by exercising lots slight of hand with solstice imagery.

Lights, evergreens, and winter-blooming plants were all celebrated by heathens as a way of encouraging the capricious gods to bring light and life to the land, and those symbols lent themselves nicely to church spindoctoring. Although some pagan beliefs seem to have slipped through uncorrupted. When we kiss under mistletoe, we're giving a nod to Celts who thought the winter berries granted a woman fertility.

But as good as they were at co-opting pagan festivals, church leaders couldn't quite sanitize the rowdy nature of winter parties -- mistletoe usually led to more than kissing. By all historical accounts medieval Christmases evolved into a marvel of drinking and carousing that included gambling, dancing, and entertainment by "mummers" -- actors who put on plays mocking religion.  Serfs went "wassailing," singing at their master's door, demanding more drink to keep the party going.

Puritans to geegaws

It should come as no surprise that Protestantism, the no-fun religion, tried to put an end to all this merry-making. Scotland's Christmas celebrations were banned in 1583. By 1642, English Puritans seized control of the country and put a stop to Christmases sweetened with the impious partying that gave "liberty to carnal and sensual delights" according to a  1644 proclamation outlawing public festivities.

It might have all ended there, and I might not have needed a slingshot, if not for the industrial revolution. By the 1800s, manufacturers were searching for markets for all the geegaws their factories were producing, and someone hit on the idea of resurrecting Christmas as a gift-giving celebration.

Using medieval records as their inspiration, they reinterpreted the rules: instead of wealthy masters giving to impoverished serfs, powerful parents would give to helpless children.

It wasn't long before catalogues started popping up recommending Christmas "notions" for adults. Then the Americans, the world's uber-consumers, gave us Clement Moore's 1822 poem, 'Twas the Night Before Christmas, featuring the elf of over-consumption. Instead of the lean and religious St. Nicholas, the patron of thieves and children, the new world St. Nick was a heavy-drinking, hearty-eating smoker with a bag full of mass-produced goods.

Scrooge, don't mourn, organize!

But perhaps it's Charles Dickens who has the most to answer for, since his sentimental Christmas stories do the most to disguise the event's corrupt nature.  I can't be the only one who wondered about this: If the ghosts who visited Scrooge in 1843 were really concerned with the well-being of Tiny Tim and his family, why didn't they approach Bob Cratchit and suggest he unionize the clerks, instead of waiting, serf-like, for handouts from his master?

I also bear Dickens a grudge because he's responsible for earning anyone who questions all this hypocrisy the nickname Scrooge. Although my neighbour, who has taken to screaming at me from his balcony, seems to favour the epithet "Grinch!"

I don't know what his problem is. I warned him last year, that if he insisted on putting up Christmas lights in October, I would be forced to take them down.

Shannon Rupp is a regular contributor to The Tyee.

Got a better way to celebrate the solstice? Drop a comment below.  [Tyee]

9  Comments:

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  • Dori Jaffe (not verified)

    8 years ago

    I heard Shannon speak on the radio this morning (oh dear, was it on Rafe's or Bill's show :-)), and was fascinated by her comments. I already subscribe to the Tyee, but it gave me impetus to get online today to print out her article so that I could read it. Thank you for giving us another independant source of news and insights.

  • Stephen Moyse (not verified)

    8 years ago

    I lost my taste for the rich North American style of Xmas during my five years' residency in the Far East as a child (the late 1950s). Having Christmas trees, turkeys and gifts shipped from the other side of the globe five months earlier gave me an attenuated appreciation of jingling bells, and the cotton-batten snow on the tree's branches was no help. Celebrating a snow-filled season when the temperature is approaching 35C demands too much from the human imagination. Besides, I put considerable effort into being jolly and generous 364 days of the year; who's the pirate who demands that I do even more on the 365th day!? Stephen Moyse Vancouver Island

  • Michael Bean (not verified)

    8 years ago

    I'm for anything that gives people an excuse to reach out to the people around them, and the part of Christmas that I like best is the good cheer that sometimes overcomes people. Unfortunately, that often comes at the expense of sour looks from weary shoppers. I tell my family and friends that I love them 364 days a year, and I certainly don't mind saying it again on the 365th day. What bothers me is the expectation that Christmas should top all other days, when I personally value those small interactions more.

  • sam Wagar (not verified)

    8 years ago

    I'm a happy Wiccan and so, come Yule, I'm up for a party to celebrate the death and rebirth of the sun. The old traditions were revived as well, you know, and there's at least a few thousand of us in Vancouver area that will be drinking a horn to the God of the Sun this Yule. Wassail!

  • Bill Bell (not verified)

    8 years ago

    It's people like you, that will the government the excuse to waste a billion dollars registering slingshots.

  • Devon Henderson (not verified)

    8 years ago

    Being Wiccan, I also celebrate the death and rebirth of the Sun. Up until recently, I've completely shunned celebrating "Christmas" though.. until I realized that if I celebrated in a manner befitting a responsible consumer (ie: didn't buy into all the commercialism of this holiday) that it was a great excuse to party and spend time with loved ones. Bring on the rum and egg nog. :)

  • Simon Truelove (not verified)

    8 years ago

    I don't care much what the solstice is called. Not to celebrate it at all seems to me the most unfortunate choice - as if we lived in a grey unworld with no seasons. Instead, having noted an absence of sun, we are free to seek other forms of light. Interpret that how ever you wish.....

  • Tom Pryce-Digby (not verified)

    8 years ago

    I love Christmas. Would someone please tell me why I've hacked down a small forest, imported it indoors, and turned my house into a mock-Victoriana fire-trap? Is this Wicca?

  • Catherine (not verified)

    8 years ago

    It's nice to see a non-pagan acknowledgement of the pagan roots of Christmas. I also agree with Simon Truelove (comment above) in that perhaps it doesn't matter whatever the personal religious meaning this time of year has for an individual. A winter festival of light is a fabulous tradition for everyone. So whether you light candles in celebration of the miracle of the oil, or the birth of a Messiah, or the birth of Lugh, or the sun. The important thing isn't how or why to celebrate, but just to celebrate!Go raibh maith agat! (thank you)

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