Let's Re-imagine Journalism
The media meltdown offers an opportunity for creative solutions.
Amidst crisis, explore opportunity.
At a critical time when the new media environment is being molded and the traditional news industry is in a state of decline, creative approaches to journalism are urgently needed. Since my last column on the decline of journalism, the bleeding of jobs and the threat of local news outlets fading to 'black' continues. Along with a slew of recent layoffs, Canwest is attempting to sell off parts of its media empire and CTV is simply closing stations down. Journalists have even become active in reporting about the slaughtering of the media industry, resulting in what TheTyee describes as a "collective auto-obituary."
If news financed by big business is failing, what alternatives do we have?
Public backing of public journalism
The Conservatives appear determined to cut financial support for, and/or further commercialize, the CBC and other public broadcasters. The CBC is a pillar of our media system and needs increased financial support from the public, not more cuts and uncertainty.
In addition, funds such as the Canadian Magazine Fund and Telefilm could support newsgathering and reporting and add to the range of eligible projects to include online independent journalism. This could be combined with a new Internet Broadcast Fund, supported by a telecom levy, something I've called for in another column.
Having a more directed fund is not unheard of. The BBC is funded in part by television license fees. The acclaimed Australian community broadcasting sector is funded in part by federal grants via the Community Broadcasting Foundation. In the Netherlands, non-profit member-based media associations receive government funding and airtime in proportion to their membership numbers. The objective of the program is to ensure that the diversity of the multicultural society is represented in public discourse.
In conjunction with other support mechanisms, we could also use the "Local Programming Improvement Fund" (LPIF). The CRTC announced the LPIF last year, which will be supported by a percentage of cable and satellite revenues and is expected to amount to $60 million in the first year.
Regardless of the sources of financial support, it is essential that all available funds go directly to media makers and media outlets for news production, and not be handed over to big media with no strings attached. The last thing we need is for public funds to be used to compensate for financial decisions of the Aspers.
Community-supported journalism
Foundations, labour groups, NGOs and individuals can also play a role in renewing journalism by financing public trusts or specific charitable journalism funds that could support innovative journalism projects. Barbara Yaffe at the Vancouver Sun recently asserted that while running newspapers as public trusts might work in the U.S., it won't work in Canada because we lack major endowment funds. While our philanthropy sector is notably smaller than that of the U.S., we are certainly not without civil society organizations and philanthropists who could step up to support journalism in this critical period.
There are several journalism experiments already supported from these sources. The independent, non-profit online news organization, Rabble.ca for example, combines support from individuals, and advertising with funds provided by a group of "Sustaining Partners" made up of NGOs, unions and foundations. The Tyee has a specific charitable investigative journalism fellowship fund that supports some of its journalism. Recently, Saskatchewan saw the launch of an independent provincial newspaper called the Sasquatch, which is to be run and supported by the non-profit magazine publisher Briarpatch Inc. THIS Magazine and The Walrus are also published by charitable foundations.
While it's true that these outlets need more support, Yaffe's dismissal of community-supported journalism is premature at best. Rather than announcing that it's dead on arrival, we should be challenging both individuals and civil society organizations to ramp up their support for independent public service journalism in this critical time.
Journalists in the driver's seat
One way we can help fill the current void in journalism is to support initiatives where journalists themselves are taking over media production. For example, the Dominion Newspaper is attempting to form a media cooperative that will produce a national newspaper. Both readers and media workers will be members and given a voting share in the coop. They also plan to help fill the void in local journalism by launching local branches that would both function autonomously and produce local stories as well as contribute to a kind of confederation-based national newspaper.
Journalists are also taking more immediate action. When Journal de Quebec media workers were locked out in 2007, they launched their own free daily newspaper, distributing 40,000 copies every weekday until the lockout ended. When the workers at the profitable Journal de Montreal were locked out this January, they quickly launched their own news website called Rue Frontenac. These ground-up initiatives suggest that journalists are capable of ditching big old media in favour of new worker-run outlets.
Employees at Hamilton's local CHCH television station are attempting to buy the station and run it a bit like a hospital: the station would be owned by the community and governed by a board of directors made up of community leaders. The station's owner, Canwest, plans to sell or shut down the station due to its poor financial situation. The community will need to raise $500,000 and have access to the Local Programming Improvement Fund to run the station.
CHCH is one of many local Canwest and CTV stations that the media giants are poised to unload. The precarious state of local TV and journalism in general should be seen as an historic opportunity to re-imagine what journalism should look like in the 21st century.
Be disturbed, get creative
To save journalism in Canada, we'll need to use every tool at our disposal. It's worth keeping in mind that the most important journalism institution in Canada, the CBC, was born in the era of the Great Depression. In recounting his successful campaign to establish a national network of publicly owned, yet locally run, radio stations (CBC Radio), Graham Spry declared, "our greatest ally was undoubtedly anxious, disturbed and alert Canadian public opinion". Are we anxious, and disturbed enough by the state of journalism yet?
Related Tyee stories:
- Why Big Media Is Failing
News empires pursued ever bigger profits, not the public good. - Journalism's Future May Be Wikipedia
The online encyclopedia shifts the way we learn, and do, news. - Can Journalism Be Art?
The 'New New Journalism' seeks truths in the details.



realisticman
31-03-2009
Some good points - But
"The Conservatives appear determined to cut financial support for, and/or further commercialize, the CBC and other public broadcasters. The CBC is a pillar of our media system and needs increased financial support from the public, not more cuts and uncertainty."
Why are the links in this segment 2 months old when we now know the facts rather than the, overinflated, guesses?
It's interesting too that overspending and high debts caused most of the current financial problems and this is generally decried. Why should an increase of this fiscal policy be excused for the public broadcaster?
I won't miss amateur sport on CBC.
As for local radio; I guess these days local radio will go the way of local newspapers. Get thinner. Web radio is the future.
Jeffrey J.
31-03-2009
Start an Independent Newspaper?
Necessity being the mother of invention and all, one solution to the abysmal state of the mainstream media is simple: start more independent newspapers. Seriously.
There are many, many skilled journalists out there. BC could support many small, independent newspapers around the province. They would dovetail nicely with the independent internet journal sites like Tyee, Rabble.ca and Public Eye. It would be challenging and difficult, yes, but is our democracy worth it? Something to think about...
Tbarnston
01-04-2009
Good article
Well done. This article gives a really good map of the options. The crux of it all really is:
Be disturbed, get creative
G West
01-04-2009
CBC problems
You might care to reel that one in a bit and look to the hundreds of millions pulled from the CBC budget by that paragon of fiscal propriety Paul Martin...
If CBC is mired in debt it's because of a LACK OF STABLE FUNDING over time.
dj in victoria
01-04-2009
Let's Reimagine Journalism
You should know that Jack Etkin has started a street newspaper in Victoria and locally.
It is outspoken and dedicated to countering the spin of the CanWests and other corporate news outlets.
It is called "The Bridge".
First issue 16 pages and will be published quarterly. A magnificent effort at $1/copy.
Jack needs all the support he can get.
He can be reached at .
Lefty
01-04-2009
Non Profit Is The Only Way To Go
The Guardian and The Independent are both non profit highly successful and with wide circulation.
ted...
01-04-2009
Your right , It's a sad day when
It's a sad day when "journalism becomes a job,,,
rather than an art ...!!!!!!!!!!!
---- perhaps the "melt-down" ,
will produce the same kind of "journalist"
simular to Amy-Goodman...
>> for those of you who don't know <<<
Amy was on a small network of 5 pacifica radio station's
( pacifica = public radio )
Amy was fired from the station she worked at....
( ya , stupid WBAI mgt , FIRED her ... ) doh...!
Her fan's , banned together and gave her a "Internet-space" ...
The opperation grew with-in week's ,
and she was given a space in an abandon-fire-house, ( one week and ) one block a away from "Ground-Zero" in new-york city.
---- wow ----
Nobody saw that coming ,
including the radio-station mgt
who were trying to SELL the station,
BECAUSE of people like Amy-Goodman ect...!
( some body TOTALLY missed the boat there )
--- and to this day , THEY still do ----
Go to Amy-Goodman's website
http://www.democracynow.org
and see what happen's when your
STUPID BRAIN-DEAD Corprit Master ,
is in-capable of seeing the reality of FREE-EXPRESSION ...
----- sorry for shouting, but
if Amy-Goodman , didn't get fired in the first place ...?
would the "people's hand", have - had the FREEDOM to Switch the dial ,
and tune into something better...?
:{- Doh ...!
---- Bottom Line ...? ------
The "People" want news.!
Not "gitz" .
News is not Minister's cutting ribbon's...
News is asking question's about the program's they TAX-CUT , to get to the ribbon cutting in the first place...!
News has to focus ....!
like Amy-Goodman had to focus......!
ted... ( street-news-paper's are actully sold to "real-people" , on the streets of victoria BC )
I saw it happening at Bastion Square , 1:30 ~ 2-pm (on nice days)
realisticman
01-04-2009
Lefty, say what?
"“ INM NOW CONNECTS WITH OVER 100 MILLION CONSUMERS
WORLDWIDE EACH WEEK, PROVIDING THE FOUNDATION FOR A UNIQUE
AND UNRIVALLED COMMERCIAL MEDIA NETWORK ANCHORED BY
WORLD-LEADING TITLES SUCH AS DAINIK JAGRAN, THE INDEPENDENT,
THE NEW ZEALAND HERALD, THE IRISH INDEPENDENT AND THE
BELFAST TELEGRAPH”
Once again, it is my great pleasure to
report to shareholders another year of
strong growth for INM. This year we are
reporting record revenues of €1.673
billion and record operating profits of
€349.2 million, reflecting your Group’s
unrelenting focus on, and track-record
in, driving shareholder value. Growth
has been achieved in our core publishing
businesses, through our expanded
outdoor advertising presence as well
as in online and education, where we
project further exciting developments in
the future."
Not non-profit.
The Guardian a different animal but:
March 31, 2009
"Earlier this month MEN Media Ltd announced that it was to cut 150 jobs at the MEN and its 22 weekly newspapers in Greater Manchester, Cheshire and Lancashire. The company also plans to close all but one of the offices of its weekly titles such as the Wilmslow Express and the Rochdale Observer.
...
Carolyn McCall, chief executive of MEN Media's parent group Guardian Media Group, has defended the Manchester job cuts by saying that the group's regional newspapers, once massively profitable, are now loss making.
She said in a memo to staff: "The downward trajectory is clear, and it's getting worse.
“The division has, in fact, now been making an operating loss for several months.
"If the management team of GMG Regional Media takes no action to reduce costs, these losses will soon become completely unsustainable, which could lead to the end of the business and its newspapers altogether."
Now there's trouble:
* Guardian journalists pledge support for regional colleagues
* Two closures and 95 jobs axed at GMG south regionals
* MEN Media says compulsory redundancies 'unavoidable'
23 March 2009
By Dominic Ponsford
Journalists on the Manchester Evening News and its associated weekly titles have voted to hold a strike ballot despite a warning from editor Paul Horrocks that industrial action could only cause more damage."
Change is coming - everywhere.
morechatter
01-04-2009
People Want the News
And the more that is done to suppress the news the more demand there will be for the news especially given the economic clinate so there definetly is a big market for it. Why do you think government and corporations work so hard to suppress it. So its almost does the opposite than its intent. Media sees news as entertainment while its readers and viewers see it as being necessary to keep them well informed of the issues affected their day to day existance.
Cooperatives could be used to help media distribute the costs as they share the headlines and other costs associated with running the news. I know they have radio cooperatives and that has given voice to many so why not the newpapers where they share in the costs? Anything to bring down the costs will bring up the news.
morechatter
01-04-2009
And Let Big Media Fall
Big Media deserves to fall because they are much of what is wrong as big business and governments who spend hundreds of millions of dollars advertising in a year need not be bothered reading anything contrary in the news. But au contraire how do you get the news?
daveallen
01-04-2009
There are plenty of choices BEFORE you pick my pocket
As a media brat for over 40 years, I readily admit it is getting harder to find the truth in our "textured" media community, but the reality is you will find what you are looking for. If you love Gordon Campbell and all he stands for you will find the sources of your inspiration. Google your favourite words and deeds and presto. Media to beat the band, any band.
Before you suggest we need to give our tax masters more of our money so they can ship us the latest in "proven" idealism, why not let the public do the walking, talking and choosing of where they want to go and what they want to hear.
The Tyee extends their principles through a media tree fertilized by "choice" funding. They will or will not survive based on gifts and advertisers.
As a reader I have the choice, at only the cost of my time, and perhaps some paronizing of Tyee advertisers, but it is my choice: not Stephen Harper's nor Gordon Campbell's nor Carol James'.
If you think there is something out there you are not getting, write about it. Send it to all the media outlets, and heck, someone will probably pay you for it.
If it is good new, I might too!
Jeffrey J.
02-04-2009
And turn off your TV...
Starting a small newspaper remains a viable need for democracy. And coupled with that is cancelling your cable subscription. Millions of people stare into that blue screen opiate, giving up their free time to the few. China fought against the UK's force delivery of opium for good reason. We will need to do the same by turning our back on commercial TV and becoming re-engaged in our communities.
Popin
02-04-2009
I don't see much
I don't see much re-imagining of journalism suggested in the article. What I do see are ideas about new business models. I don't mean that in as harsh way, I just have not seen much that I would consider a re-imagining of journalism around lately in all the discussions about it's future.
I have seen attempts at crowd sourcing and other means of including the readership but it doesn't seem to scale very well or guarantee better journalism.
Enough griping from me a positive thing I have been impressed with is the Guardians use of video.
Here is a particular example.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/video/2009/apr/02/g20-protest
It's relatively short, well shot, with good editing and there is no voice over or a talking head interpreting the story.
This doesn't mean that it's without a bias or particular POV in anyway but it's hardly something that one would see on the nightly television news.
The fact that this video stepped outside the traditions of broadcast video and that it came from a "newspaper" journalism site is great.
While I have no idea about the business model that supported the creation of this piece I do think it shows what can be done when journalistic channels and journalists do rethink what they do.
I do acknowledge the great need for new ways to support journalism. I just hope that in the great re-imagining the possibilities for change exist for more than just the funding.
Monk
02-04-2009
It won't be so easy...
The model for journalism may not be working but don't count out investor's ability to find a way to make a profit just yet...
We have a small window of opportunity to make the sweeping changes that need to come to create a framework that will support well funded, high quality journalism: the established sources are weaker (not dead) and the internet is providing a cost efficient way to reach large audiences. When there's money to be made, people will find it in a real hurry... whether it's still on dead trees or the internet.
The medium doesn't really matter. Cheaping out on journalism adds to the bottom line for corporations as the general public doesn't seem to respond to the essential quality that is needed to sustain a healthy democracy. The Walrus doesn't attract the same readership as Maxim or Cosmo...
These kinds of discussions need to expand so thank you for raising the issue...again. I hope this movement has some legs.
For my part, I have to say that I think we need to look at co-ops or public trusts to run the newsrooms. To tell you the truth, I think that the current proprietors of "Big Media" would be not that unhappy to lose their involvement with all this messy public interest in providing unbiased news. Hand the news over to a public trust and just get on with making as much money as they can. No irate advertisers to deal with and public accusations could be deflected to the trustees. All very clean. It's not perfect but it's the best direction that I can see.
I think that depending on labour or charitable individuls is jumping out of the pan and into the fire. I don't want to be beholden to labour anymore than I do advertising support from corporations. I think that "charitable individuals" will easily morph into "individuals with vested interests" once it becomes a significant advantage to "support" a media source.
So: we have an opportunity. I hope we can seize this moment. Go Tyee go! Go Democracy Now go! Go Rabble go!
And tell your MP you want MORE money to go into CBC! As a taxpayer, I'm very willing to pay for a well funded, unbiased, public source of news.
Frank
03-04-2009
A modest proposal
I'm not sure the old model is actually dead. Perhaps its just the way its packaged?
After all, newspapers have grown immensely and most of it is not that informative yet it costs money to print it all and transport it.
I'll throw out an idea here.
First, let's assume there was a chance in hell the Left would take over something like the National Post. If they then dropped everything except Section A, didn't take advertising and filled that section with actual news and commentary you might have something that would appeal to more people and be something they'd be willing to pay much higher subscriber fees for. Kind of a "CBC Radio" version of newspapers.
The old model that is dying is not necessarily newspapers, it could just be the current advertiser supported bloated format.
G West
03-04-2009
More unsourced quotes R/Man?
I thought you'd decided to stop doing that.
If you expect me to read material you've pulled out of context from other on-line sources at least take the trouble to reformat them and put them in your own words.
Personally I think if newspapers are going to survive in North America it'll be along the lines Frank mentions.
However, my real hope is that internet users of news sites will be forced to start paying micro-charges every time they access news websites. Such fees could be collected nationally through internet service providers and channeled to the originator of the news - in such a way there would be budget to hire and keep on a news reporting and investigative staff and payment could be directed precisely (on a country by country basis) to the news providers.
Furthermore, by de-linking news from advertising the far from benign influence of commerce would be removed from the news business – or, at the very least, minimzed.
G West
03-04-2009
Erratum
should be 'minimized' above
Monk
03-04-2009
Micro charging sounds good
If there was some system whereby readers could be subjected to small charges for reading the "real" news, that could be worthwhile pursuing. Something about that sounds too simple to actually pull off in a real enterprise.
GWest, do you think we could get people to pay when they could get it for free? Would enough people be willing to pay for well investigated stories? Maybe...
Trouble is: the "real" news that is deemed to be useful by some of us in this discussion is probably not in as much demand as we'd like to think.
Frank: If we made the front section of the National Post into a "CBC version" of the newspaper, would it attract more readers than it currently does? I'd buy it, but I don't believe the general readership would improve.
The advertiser driven model craves readership above all else. People with money on the line (for many years) do everything they can to attract the most readers for the least bucks. Like it or not, agree with it or not, they know what works... and it isn't exactly what you and I think best serves democracy. It's something that better serves the bottom line.
I agree with you, Frank. The old model is not dead. Financially speaking, I have no doubt the ad driven juggernaut will come back and continue to inflict journalism with its biases. Is spite of all the current problems, it won't conveniently die for us and go away. The money finds a way to survive.
We have to find an alternative that can effectively compete against the corporate Goliaths or... an idea that these giants might even embrace. I think both of these challenges will be er,... tough to develop. Impossible? I certainly hope not.
I'm not so concerned with any complicated right wing conspiracy to subvert democracy in the "Big Media" boardrooms. (Notwithstanding the conspicuous influences of Conrad and the Aspers, et al which have hardly been a secret)
The "Big Media" execs are just in a system where they are paid to maximize the returns of the people who have put their money at risk. For the mostpart, they would be happier if the ground rules were changed so that they were not in a conflict of interest against the public need for a free press.
I think the press freedom issue is better served with less of a left versus right undertone. We need the left and the right to work towards building a forum where they can duke it out to their heart's content.
So: in the framework of a (mostly) capitalist system, the challenge is that we need a model that will align corporate interests with the public need. Either that or throw out the whole capitalist idea a la Noam Chomsky... but I don't think Canadians are quite ready to go there yet.
G West
06-04-2009
Monk
I'm not certain - the charges would have to be small on an individual basis, but collectively the amount of funding that could be generated would be huge. Of course there would be problems to work out - what happens to blogs where people re-post material copied from primary news producers like the New York Times or the Times of London?
There has been a lot of discussion in tax forums about applying some kind of a tax to sales transactions, financial transactions and the like - but this is usually thought of as a cost added to a sales or service contract and not related to the simple act of 'clicking' on a particular news site.
I've been using the internet since its inception and, for the first half-dozen years I had to pay a monthly subscription fee to get Full New York Times site access (it was free to those in the US but it wasn't worth it to me to use a proxy server to get their content).
For people who are serious about keeping well informed I suspect there would be little or no resistance to a click tax being added to their ISP bill every month and, in the interests of democracy, I don't see how we can survive without professional news gathering.
We certainly don't need the plethora of news re-broadcasters we have today - all pretty much sponging and spinning off the same few primary sources.
On the possibility of reforming the advertising base for news funding, I think that's going to happen anyway - simply because the current model has already failed.
Do you ever look at ads on the internet?
I certainly don't - any more than I do when I leaf through the pages of the G&M.
Which, the G&M I mean, seems to me to be in the process of evolving into a much better paper than it was as little as three or four years ago.
The decline and destruction of the CanWest/Global brand doesn't seem to have permitted the Globe, at least, to merely rest on its laurels.
The other fundamental problem I see is the disquieting tendency for people of a certain age (say 30 and younger) to be pretty much entirely ignorant of the broad range of issues and opinions that reading a good paper on a daily basis ought to have provided them with.
If the movement toward internet news continues to affect younger people in this way, then we better hope SOMETHING else comes along to stop the slide into ignorance.