The Dangerous Lives of Train-hopping 'Yohos'
Illegal and risky, it's an adventure for some kids.
Mike has his own method of gauging the speed of a train to avoid being ground beneath its wheels. As he runs alongside, he stares at the spinning wheel bolts. If he can still see each of them individually, then it's probably slow enough for him to leap aboard without getting killed.
Mike is one of many youths hiding out in 'hop-out spots', studying the comings and goings of trains in rail yards across Canada. Once they've picked a freight car, they hop on with their backpacks, and go.
Ever since trains have chugged, people have caught free rides. After the American Civil War ended in 1865, 'homeward-bound' soldiers were the first genre of train-hoppers. In the Great Depression of the 1930s, an estimated quarter of a million people traveled illegally on freight trains looking for jobs. The term "hobo" most likely comes from the slang "hoe boys" for migratory farm workers.
The next generation of freight train hoppers, in the 1950s and 1960s, formed gangs. The largest and still active is the Freight Train Riders of North America (FRTA). They still dislike non-members riding their rails. Now come young rail riders seeking adventure and escape and calling themselves "yohos".
Illegal thrill
Mike, 24, and Kate, 17, consider train-hopping a hobby and not a way of life. Displaced from her mom's house at 15, Kate wanted an escape from Vancouver. Mike got the idea when he was "skipping a lot of high school and hanging out downtown [Winnipeg] and all the older traveling kids were doing it."
Kate usually likes to travel out of Vancouver in the spring when it gets warmer. She travels to nowhere particular, stops off in towns and she's not on a particular timeline.
This year she left with $1 in her pocket and, after a friend's plea, accepted his $10. She loves the feeling she gets from riding the train. Kate finds the vibration of the freight car soothing and the noise doesn't really bother her.
She spends a lot of her time sleeping or reading non-fiction murder novels on the train. If she's with others, they play games with cards or dice, and they tell stories to past the time. If they have any alcohol, they share it. But unlike last year, which Kate spent partying, this year, she spent a lot of time alone traveling and thinking, "What the hell am I doing on this train and how did I get here?"
Crash course
Learning how to catch a moving train is harder than it looks. Mike learned his wheel-bolt watching technique not just from experience, but an underground source he's hesitant to divulge -- a 100-page photocopied "book" called Crew Change which lists where to catch trains in North America, whether the yard is hot (strictly monitored for train-hoppers) and where to find hop-out spots.
Others choose a mentor to help them learn and Kate says this makes it safer for everyone since "if you get caught, you make it more difficult for everyone else". A worse situation is if you get hurt. Public pressure will lead to an increased vigilant patrol by the railway "bull" (police) in the yards.
Kate's mentor, Macky, advised her to hop out at night (less likely to be seen). She also wisely told her to "never stand between the cars because the train can move at any minute and don't get on the train when you're really intoxicated" due to accidents. Mentors, books and websites also teach hoppers how to identify the different types of freight cars, which can be the difference between life and death on the trains. There's the "hotshot," or "intermodal", a high priority freight that travels non-stop, except for crew changes to a particular destination - making it the first choice for most hoppers. The "junker" or "shitshot" is a bunch of boxcars put together that is either going nowhere or to the repair yard. The "unit" is the train's engine, which is used for extra power, heated in winter and air-conditioned in the summer -- making it the most likely place to get caught. The "double-stack," or "forty-eight" is a low-lying car used for moving shipping containers, which gives riders four feet of space on either end to sit outside and enjoy the view. And the "piggyback" is a trailer truck sitting atop a flatbed, where the rider can easily be crushed by a shifting trailer.
The piggyback trailers aren't the only dangers. Kate says, "There are places if I were to fall or be thrown off, no one would know".
Danger rush
Last year, there were 67 fatalities and 34 serious incidents according to Transport Canada. "These thrill seekers are found dead locked in empty boxcars or completely dehydrated with serious injuries caused by the heat or cold in the winter," says Daniel Di Tota, National Director of Operation Lifesafer. "It's not as glamorous as some make it sound to be. It's dirty, unpredictable, and very boring." Many train hoppers get detained after getting lost or find themselves in foreign destinations not realizing that they have crossed the border. This may lead to being unable to enter the US again. Kate knows firsthand about being lost on a train. "If you're not in an IM, it's easy to get lost on the prairies," Kate said. "You could end up walking for hours to the next railway yard." Last year, Kate almost ended up southbound in North Dakota when she was headed eastbound for Winnipeg. She ended up 30 kilometers out of Saskatoon, where she got caught by a "bull" (railway police officer) then got caught again in Winnipeg. The police ran her name but let go.
Been there, done that
But hoppers aren't easily deterred. Over the past decade, Mike has done a dozen trips. By a combination of hitch-hiking and train-hopping, he's been across Canada. Nowadays, Mike's at a stage where he's "trying to put it away and not glorify it". Mike rarely discusses his train-hopping. He doesn't want to be stigmatized as a "dirty kid bum". "It fun and games for a little while, but you have to grow up and do something with your life one day," Mike said. "I got sick of traveling around and being a bum". Nowadays, he's a manager for a restaurant on Granville Street. Mike may train-hop again but "maybe just a short trip". If he were to travel now he would take a bus or plane. "It's more convenient and it takes a lot less time".
Like Mike, Kate realizes that living on the street isn't that great. "It can wear on you, sleeping outside, living like a bum". Yet, when the weather heats up again, she's headed for Halifax, or at least to Montreal.
Amy Chow is a writer in Burnaby. ![]()



18
Login or register to post comments
BC Mary
6 years ago
Comments on "The Dangerous Lives of Train-hopping 'Yohos'&q
Anyone who has priced a railway ticket (with sleeper) from Vancouver to Halifax will find the idea of train-hopping somewhat tempting.
But I had no idea that "hopping a freight" was still happening. I thought it was a phenomenon of the 1930 Depression decade.
burner
6 years ago
i wonder if there is a similar story on planehopping?
details on how and where to slip unseen into a wheel well.
how to identify destination, find info re altude, time, security, best planes and airports, etc.
trainhopping seems very dangerous, but is a tempting way to travel far and fast if you are short of funds.
there was a movie about hoboes, with lee marvin,ernest borgnine, and keith carradine. it had a stupid name like 'emperor of the north pole', but was a good show.
i guess some of the dangers faced by hoppers now, are the same as those depicted in that movie.
i lived by a rail yard. moving trains are very dangerous, and most accidents cause permanent damage.
jamez
6 years ago
Maybe tomorrow, I'll wanna settle down....
Eddy Haskel
6 years ago
These thrill seekers do not realise just how stupid their actions really are. They may be skilled at grabbing onto pig irons on the move but the hazzards of a railway are far greater than just falling under the wheels and getting bisected. There are many places on a railway that have limited clearances or sometimes no where to walk if a train occupies the track. Only a trained worker would be aware of those kinds of hazzards. But go ahead kids and enjoy yourselves. When you fall, I'm sure your parents will love the story the cops tell them about chasing the crows away from your corpse, as the birds will surley pick out your eyeballs from your shattered skull.
Working Man
6 years ago
Of curse, train hopping is 100% the fault of Gordon Campbell. The moral depravity caused my the Liberal governemnt has corrupted youth so completely they resort to dangerous actions to get thier thrills.
Further, the rain forecast for tonight is caused by Gordon Campbell displeasing God.....
Rhea
6 years ago
The cutesy "aren't we free spirits for ignoring the law/not respecting private property and risking our lives" tone of this story really sets my teeth on edge. And yeah, Mike/Kate, if you're hopping trains illegally and living on the street, you are a "dirty kid bum", no matter what trendy name you want to hang on it. If you like the lifestyle, that's your choice, but don't be offended when people call a spade a spade.
Stories like this really make me wish that people's right to sue was automatically invalidated by acts of stupidity. How fast do you think these idiots would sue the rail companies if they were injured while trespassing on railroad property? Several of my family members work around heavy equipment, including trains, and as another poster pointed out, injuries from trains are usually either fatal or severely crippling.
Umslopogaas
6 years ago
There was an incident in the Elk valley a few years ago. One of the coal trains was being loaded at the mine near Elkford and the loading operator noticed that there was a person wandering around the tracks.
The man was dirty, cold, thirsty, hungry and...well he was as black as coal. He also couldn't speak a word of English and was staggering around the train in a most alarming manner.
Finally someone arrived that could speak German and an interesting tale unfolded.
The young man was a German tourist who had been drinking with some locals in Vancouver. For some reason they took him to a railway and hoisted him up and into an empty coal car. Trapped in the coal car he was duly transported from Robert's Bank to the mine at Elkford and had a free rail tour of the Canadian Rockies. It nearly ended with him being buried in 200 tons of coal as it was loaded into the car he was trapped in.
Sometimes dogs or cats are found in the coal cars, tossed in by people who have decided Fido or Tabby need to go on a one way trip, but getting rid of a drunken tourist in this manner is a novel approach.
Be careful where you drink Gordo.
Frank
6 years ago
until tomorrow, I'll just keep moving on...
Jeeves
6 years ago
Just don't get on a CN RAIL car. The seem to have started de-railing left and right since it was sold to the Americans.
sand_grain
6 years ago
Seems to be a lot of negativity towards people for taking what others might consider 'unnecessary' risks or making 'poor' life choices. While my danger threshold isn't what it used to be, and I do tend to think of safety as a priority, I also accept that others may have needs and values in life that differ significantly from my own. And so long as they are not harming others in their actions – unlike more conventionally accepted life choices like driving, which quite commonly involves people going at speeds above the legally posted limits, and sometimes results in the severe injury or death of innocent bystanders – then I believe these choices are theirs to make.
Everyone has different ways to make life resonate more deeply. For some it is a nomadic life-style, for others it is invoking adrenaline through dangerous activity, gaining in material possession and societal status, or even through the building of family and community. The most important thing for me to remember, before I criticize another person's life, is that to FEEL alive can be such a beautiful thing and can be such a powerful motivator in life. Who am I to use my life experiences to define the personal values of others?
There are many who can be considered to be 'down-and-out' by society's standards, with significant barriers to participation in many things we often take for granted, due to lack of 'currency', which is sometimes obvious like money, and sometimes more subtle like social aptitude. And on the issue of self-risk, much like the right to commit suicide, I firmly believe that people have the right to risk their lives in the ways they choose, so long as it does not endanger others.
If these so-called 'Yohos' have found a way to experience life more deeply, then more power to them. Like the others who take actions that break the laws in our society, through actions like littering/pollution or the violation of motor vehicle laws, people must balance potential consequences with the choices they make, and hopefully we respect others as much as possible when doing so. I only hope that when we do make choices outside of the norm, and take a path full of challenge – and sometimes even the scorn of others – that we can discover yet another way to expand our perspectives and find something new that resonates with us, even if for only a fleeting moment. Life is full of possibility, let’s be careful of how we project our limits onto others.
allan
6 years ago
Well said sand_grain.
As a onetime "dirty kid bum" Rhea, let me say: get a life lady.
I have never riden a train, although I know lots of young people who still do.
I live in a railway town where there have been many injuries and fatalities involving people interacting with trains, but the vast majority of them were looking to get across the tracks(most were impaired), rather than a ride out of town.
During that same period many more young adventurers died riding automobiles, ATVs, boats etc., yet no one, as far as I know, stopped to check if they were dirty kid bums."
Tom Lal
6 years ago
I know about pub hopping
skeptikool
6 years ago
To get a good sense of what riding the rails was about during the Depression, I recommend the movie Elmer Gantry.
It is necessary today, as then, for those without money to find greener pastures. If they choose to hop a train in order to do so, I wish them well and a safe journey.
My biggest fear, in Canada, would be that of freezing to death - in much of the U.S. in winter, for that matter.
PYX
6 years ago
Ahhh, the days of my youth. My few train hopping experiences in the 1970s are some of the dearest memories of my life so far.
The thunderous roar of a rolling pair of 3000-horsepower Units, a headlamp so powerfully bright you can almost see the bones in the hand that shields your eyes. The Units pass. I am running with all my might and desire over the crunch of heavy gravel, my suitcase held over my head with both arms. I tripped. I don’t know what happened or how. All I know is that I never fell. I somehow found even more might and desire next to those huge steel wheels. Accelerating. Exhilarating. Friendly hands plucked the suitcase from my arms. I grasped the handrail and hoisted myself up, up, up, on. Open window, armrest, infinite prairie night; the spoils of victory. I am eighteen. I am a man. I am alive. I know God. And now, God knows me.
Keep yer Concordes and Cadillacs and yer little cotton sails.
Angels may ride the buses, but God rides the rails.
–Findlekind
rockerbiff
6 years ago
Ahhh, the days of my youth. One train hopping experience in 1978, burned in to my memory I will never forget the day.
The thunderous roar of a rolling locomotive, a smell of diesel so strong it makes you giddy with excitement. The unit passes, I am running with all my might, the crunch of heavy gravel under my feet, I grab on to the metal ladder at the side of the 70 ton oil tanker, I slip as the ladder accelerates, there is dust all around me.
I open my eyes, I am sitting on the ground, the train continues to rush by me, the two buddies I am with stop and gape in white faced amazement. My right leg is gone, sheared off by 70 tonnes of steel. Accelerating, exhilarating; I won't be doing this again anytime soon.
I am fifteen, I am a boy, I am still alive. I know God. And now God knows me.
rockerbiff
6 years ago
http://amputee-online.com
sand_grain
6 years ago
Although I'm sorry for your loss, it's a good thing you only lost a leg in your train escapade, rockerbiff. Some of my high school mates lost their lives in car accidents. And the statistics tell a much more grim trend of risking life and limb for the thrill of speed. I'll be gracious and not post pictures of those incidents...
twotoques
6 years ago
Long time ago I trainhopped a few times just to get from one side of town to the other. One guy I knew got killed. Fell off the top of a boxcar when the train wasn't even moving. The only trainhopper I ever knew to get hurt. I've known lots of people who've been injured and killed from riding in cars, trucks, bikes, & motorcycles.
Let us not be so vicious in our self-righteous criticism of trainhoppers. If someone gets killed while running to catch a bus, would you be gloating about his eyeballs getting eaten by crows?
If it's not the lifestyle you would live (or perhaps it's the lifstyle you wish you could have lived)is not a reason to get so uptight about people who choose to live their own lives in their own way.